- Physics
- Ready-made model
- Class 1 to 9
Everyday & Industrial Waste Management Working Model Project Educational Electronic Hobby Kit
Code B0DTY913C7
- Paid for and delivered by Amazon. The current price and the delivery date for your PIN code are shown there.
- Sold by Gurukul Technicals Institute, Delhi.
- Need a different topic, a custom version or a school order? Ask on WhatsApp.
In this project guide
Ready-made model
About this model
This environmental science model shows how household and industrial waste can be separated, treated and recycled instead of being dumped. It helps students explain segregation at source, composting and the 3Rs as practical answers to the garbage problem in our towns and cities.
How it works
The science behind it
The idea the model demonstrates, in words you can use in your report and when you explain it.
Good waste management starts with segregation at the source. India's Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 ask households to separate biodegradable (wet) waste, non-biodegradable (dry) waste and domestic hazardous waste such as used batteries and expired medicines. Wet waste like vegetable peels is broken down by bacteria and fungi; in composting this happens with air (aerobically) and gives manure, while in a biogas plant it happens without air (anaerobically) and gives a methane-rich fuel gas. Dry waste such as paper, metal and many plastics can be recycled. Industrial waste water is treated before release: an effluent treatment plant removes solids by settling, uses microbes to break down organic matter and may disinfect the water. Mixed waste sent to landfills releases methane, a greenhouse gas, and a liquid called leachate that can pollute groundwater. The huge landfill mounds around Delhi, such as Ghazipur, show why reducing, reusing and recycling matter.
Make it yourself
Make a waste management model with a sorting conveyor yourself
Build your own version from scratch, or use the steps to understand how the ready-made model is put together before you present it.
What you need 10
Step by step 8 steps
Mark out zones on the base: houses, collection, a sorting plant with the conveyor, a compost unit, a recycling unit, a factory with effluent treatment, and a small landfill as the last option.
Make the houses, each with a green and a blue bin, and label which waste goes where.
- Build the conveyor
Fix the two rollers on small stands, fit one roller onto the motor shaft, and stretch the belt tightly round both.
Wire the motor to the cell holder through the switch and check that the belt moves slowly and steadily.
Fix the magnet just above the belt near its end, so iron pins on the moving belt jump up to it while paper and plastic carry on, showing magnetic separation.
Make the compost bottle with layers of soil, dry leaves and green matter, and label it aerobic composting.
Set up three containers in a row as settling tank, sand-and-gravel filter and treated-water tank, with a label saying the treated water is not for drinking.
Add arrows, a 3Rs chart (reduce, reuse, recycle) and labels for every zone.
Read this first
Safety first
Go through these points before you build or switch anything on. Younger students should do this with an adult.
- An adult should cut the plastic bottles and containers, and tape over the cut edges.
- Use the hot glue gun only with an adult.
- Use only clean, dry samples on the model; show batteries, medicines and food waste as pictures, never the real items.
- Keep fingers away from the rollers when the belt is moving, and wash hands after handling the samples.
Troubleshooting
If something does not work
The usual problems with this model and how to fix them. Open a problem to see the fix.
The belt slips on the rollers
It is too loose or too smooth. Tighten it by moving one roller stand outwards, and wrap the driving roller with a rubber band or tape for grip.
The belt drifts to one side and falls off
The rollers are not parallel. Measure the distance between them at both ends and adjust until it is equal.
The belt runs too fast
Use a lower-speed geared motor or one fewer cell, staying within the motor's rating.
The magnet does not pick up the pins
The pins may be brass or aluminium, which magnets do not attract, or the magnet may be too high. Use steel pins or clips and lower the magnet.
Exhibition day
How to present it
A running order for the exhibition table or the practical, step by step.
Bring sample items such as a fruit peel, a paper cup and an old cell, and ask visitors which bin each belongs in.
Explain the difference between composting and biogas with a simple flow chart.
Show one industrial example, such as treating waste water from a dyeing unit, alongside the household part.
End with an action visitors can take at home, such as keeping separate bins for wet and dry waste in the kitchen.
Practice
Viva questions
Practice questions on this model, with short answers. Try each one aloud before you open the answer.
What is the difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste?
Biodegradable waste, like food scraps, is broken down by microorganisms, while non-biodegradable waste, like most plastics and glass, is not broken down easily.
Which gas is produced in landfills and biogas plants?
Methane, which forms when microbes break down organic waste without oxygen.
What is vermicomposting?
Making compost with the help of earthworms, which eat organic waste and turn it into nutrient-rich manure.
What is leachate?
A polluted liquid that forms when rainwater seeps through a landfill and dissolves harmful substances, which can then contaminate groundwater.
Project file
Project file outline
The headings of the project file, in order. Give each heading its own section and write it in your own words.
Free ebook: Writing a Science Project FileContents
- Aim: to show how household and industrial waste can be segregated, treated and recycled
- Introduction: types of waste and the garbage problem in towns and cities
- Segregation at source: wet, dry and domestic hazardous waste
- Composting and biogas
- Recycling of dry waste and magnetic separation of metals
- Treatment of industrial waste water
- Construction and working of the model, including the conveyor belt
- Survey: waste produced at home in one week
- The 3Rs, our responsibility, and conclusion
Buying checklist
Before you buy
What to check before you order the model, and what to do when it arrives.
1Before you order
- Check whether your teacher wants an environment, science or social science project, as the report focus differs.
- Read the listing to see what is mentioned with the model and whether batteries are needed.
- Prepare a short survey of your own household's waste to add real data to your presentation.
- Keep the box and pack small parts separately for transport.
- Check the delivery date for your PIN code on the marketplace, and order well before the exhibition or practical.
- Practise explaining it. Judges ask what the model shows and why; knowing the science matters as much as the model. The viva questions above are a good place to start.
2When it arrives
- Run any motor or lights soon after it arrives and again a few days before the exhibition.
Next steps
Take it further
Ways to turn this model into a bigger investigation or a stronger exhibition entry.
Weigh your family's wet, dry and hazardous waste every day for a week and present it as a chart.
Start a real compost bottle at home and record the changes every week for a month.
Add an e-waste section explaining why old phones and batteries need special collection.
Audience
Who it suits
Suits Class 6 to 10 science and environmental studies exhibitions and eco-club or Swachh Bharat projects.
- ClassClass 1 to 9
- SubjectPhysics
- TypeReady-made model
Free to read
Free ebooks for this topic
Free PDF ebooks from Gurukul Technicals Institute on the science, the making and the presenting of projects like this one.
- Free PDF ebook
Best Out of Waste Science Projects
Working models from bottles, cardboard, CDs and old parts
- Free PDF ebook
Physics Working Models Explained
Twenty classic models, how each works and how to make it
- Free PDF ebook
Your Science Exhibition Guide
Choose a project, build it, present it and answer the judges with confidence
- Free PDF ebook
Writing a Science Project File
How to write the report, from the cover page to the bibliography
