Science projects
Your Science Exhibition Guide
Choose a project, build it, present it and answer the judges with confidence
Science project idea finder
1028 science project ideas, from class 1 to college.
Find a project by class, subject and type. Every idea explains the science it shows, what you need, how long it takes and how to stay safe, with free ebooks and ready-made kits if you need them. 929 ideas have numbered steps and viva questions on their own page.
Every idea by class: Class 1 to 5, Class 6 to 8, Class 9 and 10, Class 11 and 12, College and diploma.
Want a complete build with diagrams? 16 free detailed project guides
- Class 1 to 5Simple, safe models made with help at home.224 ideas
- Class 6 to 8Working models of the science you learn in class.485 ideas
- Class 9 and 10Energy, electricity, light and first robots.467 ideas
- Class 11 and 12Investigatory projects for the practical exam.331 ideas
- College and diplomaArduino, IoT and sensor projects.119 ideas
Idea finder
Find your project
Choose your class and what interests you, or search for a word such as magnet, solar, heart or robot. Open any card for a summary, or its title for the full page with the science, the steps and the viva questions.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
RFID door latch that pulls a 12 V solenoid for tagged cards only
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An RC522 reader reads the unique ID of a 13.56 MHz card or key fob. If the ID is in a list stored in the sketch, the Arduino fires a relay for three seconds that pulls a 12 V solenoid bolt open, and an LCD greets the user by name.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- An RC522 RFID reader with two cards or fobs
- A 12 V solenoid lock or a 12 V mini solenoid
- A 5 V relay module and a 1N4007 diode
- A 12 V adapter
- A 16x2 I2C LCD, a green and a red LED
- A cardboard door with a frame
Safety: The solenoid takes 12 V DC only; the diode across its coil protects the relay. An adult must check the adapter wiring. The RC522 runs on 3.3 V; connecting it to 5 V damages it.
Take it further: Store the allowed UIDs in EEPROM and add a master card that teaches new cards without reprogramming.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Voice commands from a phone app switch two 12 V lights over Bluetooth
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A free Android voice app converts speech to text and sends it over Bluetooth to an HC-05 module. The Arduino matches words such as "light on" or "fan off" and drives relays that switch 12 V LED lamps and a 12 V fan.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- An HC-05 Bluetooth module
- A 2-channel 5 V relay module
- Two 12 V LED bulbs or strips, or one strip and a 12 V fan
- A 12 V adapter
- A 1 kΩ and a 2 kΩ resistor for the voltage divider
- An Android phone with a free Bluetooth voice control app
Safety: Relays switch 12 V DC loads only, never mains lamps. The HC-05 RX pin needs the 3.3 V divider or it may be damaged over time.
Take it further: Add a dimming command for the LED strip using a MOSFET and PWM instead of a relay.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Automatic curtain that opens at dawn using an LDR and a DC motor
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An LDR measures daylight, the Arduino decides open or closed, and an L298N driver runs a geared DC motor in either direction to pull a string curtain across a model window. Two limit switches stop the motor at each end.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- An LDR and a 10 kΩ resistor
- An L298N motor driver module
- A geared DC motor (BO or TT, 3 to 6 V)
- Two micro limit switches
- A cardboard window frame, a cloth curtain, string and a thread spool for the pulley
- A 6 V battery pack (4 AA)
Safety: Battery power only. Keep fingers away from the string and spool while the motor runs. Small parts: keep away from young children.
Take it further: Add a DS3231 clock so the curtain also closes at a set bedtime regardless of light.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Overhead tank level on your phone with automatic pump control (ESP8266)
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An ultrasonic sensor on the tank lid measures the distance to the water surface. The ESP8266 converts that to a percentage, shows it on a phone page, and switches a 5 V pump through a relay to refill when the level is low and stop when full.
You will need
- A NodeMCU ESP8266 and USB cable
- An HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor
- A 5 V relay module
- A 5 V submersible mini pump with tube
- Two plastic containers for the sump and the tank
- A 1k and 2k resistor divider for the echo pin
- Jumper wires
Safety: Water and electronics stay in separate containers. Only the 5 V pump goes through the relay. An adult must check wiring before the pump supply is connected.
Take it further: Add a float switch in the sump so the pump never runs dry, and log daily water use.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Gas leak detector that turns a model cylinder valve shut with a servo
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An MQ-6 LPG sensor senses a leak and an Arduino rotates a high-torque servo fitted to a model regulator knob to the closed position, sounds a buzzer, and shows the gas level on an LCD. It demonstrates automatic shut-off, not just an alarm.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- An MQ-6 LPG sensor module
- An MG995 or MG90S metal gear servo
- A 16x2 I2C LCD and a buzzer
- A cardboard or bottle model cylinder with a knob the servo can grip
- A separate 5 V 2 A supply for the servo
- Jumper wires
Safety: Test with an unlit lighter only, with an adult present, in a ventilated room. This is a model; never fit it to a real gas cylinder.
Take it further: Add an ESP8266 so the leak event also sends a message to a phone.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
PIR intruder alarm that sends a phone message through an ESP8266
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A PIR sensor watches a room; when it triggers while the system is armed, a NodeMCU sends a message to the owner through a free bot on a messaging app and sounds a local buzzer. The system is armed and disarmed by a message from the phone.
You will need
- A NodeMCU ESP8266 and USB cable
- An HC-SR501 PIR sensor
- A 3.3 V or 5 V buzzer
- An LED and a 220 Ω resistor
- A 5 V power bank
- A phone with a free messaging app that supports bots
Safety: USB power only. Tell people in the house that the sensor is running during the test.
Take it further: Add a magnetic reed switch on the door and report which sensor triggered.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Earthquake alarm with an MPU6050 that cuts a 12 V supply through a relay
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An MPU6050 accelerometer measures shaking on three axes. When the vibration stays above a level for a short time, the Arduino sounds a siren, flashes a light and opens a relay that cuts a 12 V model lighting circuit, as a real system might cut gas or power during a quake.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- An MPU6050 accelerometer and gyro module
- A 5 V relay module
- A 12 V LED strip with its adapter
- A buzzer and a red LED with a 220 Ω resistor
- A 16x2 I2C LCD
- A wooden base and jumper wires
Safety: The relay interrupts only the 12 V strip; this is not a replacement for any real safety cut-off. An adult must check the adapter wiring.
Take it further: Record the peak g of each event to EEPROM and display the last five events.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Two-zone drip irrigation with soil probes and a phone dashboard (ESP8266)
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Two soil moisture probes in two pots each control their own 5 V pump through a relay, and a NodeMCU shows both moisture levels and pump states on a phone page. It demonstrates zone-wise watering, the way a farm drip system treats each bed separately.
You will need
- A NodeMCU ESP8266 and USB cable
- Two capacitive soil moisture sensors (v1.2)
- A 2-channel 5 V relay module
- Two 5 V submersible mini pumps with tube
- A CD4051 or a second analog trick: one 10 kΩ resistor per probe (see steps)
- Two small pots with soil and a water tub
- A 5 V 2 A supply or power bank
Safety: Pumps and water stay in a tray away from the board. Only 5 V pumps are switched. An adult must check the supply wiring.
Take it further: Log readings every ten minutes to a free cloud sheet and plot how fast each soil dries.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Model greenhouse that runs a fan and a mist pump from DHT11 readings
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A DHT11 inside a clear box greenhouse reads temperature and humidity. The Arduino switches a 12 V fan when it gets too hot and a 5 V mist pump when it gets too dry, keeping the plants in a chosen band and showing the state on an LCD.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- A DHT11 module
- A 2-channel 5 V relay module
- A 12 V computer fan with adapter and a 5 V mini pump with a fine mist nozzle or pinholed tube
- A 16x2 I2C LCD
- A clear plastic storage box with a plant or two
- Jumper wires
Safety: The fan is 12 V and the pump 5 V; nothing from the mains passes through the relays. Keep the water tub outside the electronics area.
Take it further: Add an LDR and a 12 V LED grow strip that fills in light on cloudy days.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Water turbidity meter using a laser pointer and an LDR
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A laser beam passes through a sample bottle to an LDR; cloudy water scatters light and the LDR reading falls. The Arduino converts the reading to a clarity scale calibrated with known mixtures and shows it on an LCD, a low-cost version of a turbidity meter.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno or Nano clone and USB cable
- A 5 mW laser diode module (3 to 5 V)
- An LDR and a 10 kΩ resistor
- A 16x2 I2C LCD
- Identical clear plastic bottles or test tubes
- A cardboard tube to keep room light out
- Muddy water, milk and clean water for calibration
Safety: Never look into the laser or point it at anyone; mount it so the beam is enclosed in the tube. An adult must set up the laser. Keep water off the circuit.
Take it further: Add a second LDR at 90 degrees to the beam and compare the two methods.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Tipping bucket rain gauge with a reed switch counted by Arduino
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Rain collected by a funnel fills one side of a tiny see-saw bucket; when it tips, a magnet passes a reed switch and the Arduino counts one tip. Knowing the volume per tip and the funnel area gives rainfall in millimetres on an LCD.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno or Nano clone and USB cable
- A reed switch and a small neodymium magnet
- A plastic funnel, a plastic bottle and a strip of plastic for the twin bucket
- A thin nail or wire for the pivot
- A 16x2 I2C LCD
- A 9 V battery and jumper wires
- A measuring syringe or cup for calibration
Safety: Keep the electronics in a sealed box under the funnel. Small magnets must be kept away from young children.
Take it further: Add an ESP8266 and post the daily total to a free weather sharing site.
Electronics and roboticsEasy
Grain store humidity alarm with an ESP8266 that warns the phone
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A DHT11 inside a model grain bin watches humidity; stored grain spoils and grows mould when air humidity stays high. The NodeMCU shows the reading on a phone page, sounds a buzzer and sends an alert when humidity stays above a limit for a set time.
You will need
- A NodeMCU ESP8266 and USB cable
- A DHT11 module
- A buzzer and a red LED with a 220 Ω resistor
- A plastic container with some rice or wheat
- A 5 V power bank
- A phone on the same Wi-Fi
Safety: USB power only. Do not eat grain used in the demonstration after it has been dampened.
Take it further: Add a second sensor outside and show the inside and outside readings side by side.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Indoor air quality logger with MQ-135, an OLED and a phone graph (ESP32)
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An MQ-135 sensor responds to carbon dioxide, ammonia, smoke and other indoor pollutants. An ESP32 shows a rolling value on an OLED, keeps the last hour of readings in memory and draws them as a graph on a phone page, so the effect of cooking, incense or a closed room is visible.
You will need
- An ESP32 dev board and USB cable
- An MQ-135 air quality sensor module
- A 0.96 inch I2C OLED
- A 1 kΩ and 2 kΩ resistor divider
- A 5 V 1 A supply or power bank
- Jumper wires and a vented box
Safety: The sensor heater runs warm; keep it off plastic. Test with an incense stick held by an adult, not with any fuel.
Take it further: Add a DHT22 and show that the MQ-135 reading also drifts with humidity, which is why real monitors compensate for it.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Cup anemometer with a Hall sensor and wind vane on an OLED
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Three plastic cups on a spindle spin in the wind and a magnet on the spindle passes a Hall sensor once a turn. The Arduino times the pulses to compute wind speed, reads a potentiometer on a wind vane for direction, and shows both on an OLED.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno or Nano clone and USB cable
- An A3144 Hall sensor module and a small magnet
- Three paper or plastic cups, a bottle, a bearing or an old pen body for the spindle
- A 10 kΩ potentiometer and a cardboard vane
- A 0.96 inch I2C OLED
- A 9 V battery and jumper wires
- A bicycle or a car window for calibration with an adult
Safety: Calibrate by holding the anemometer out of a car window only with an adult driving slowly on an empty road, or walk at a steady pace instead. Small magnets away from children.
Take it further: Add a BMP180 pressure sensor and an ESP8266 to upload a full weather record online.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Flood early warning post with an ultrasonic level sensor and a three-stage siren
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An ultrasonic sensor on a model bridge watches the water level in a model river. As the level rises past three marks the NodeMCU lights green, yellow and red LEDs, sounds a siren at the red mark and shows the level on a phone page so a village downstream could see it.
You will need
- A NodeMCU ESP8266 and USB cable
- An HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor with a 1k:2k divider for the echo
- Green, yellow and red LEDs with 220 Ω resistors
- A buzzer
- A long plastic tray as the river and a cardboard bridge
- A jug of water
- A 5 V power bank
Safety: Keep the board on the bridge well above the water and the water tray on a table that can get wet. USB power only.
Take it further: Compute the rate of rise in cm per minute and warn earlier when the water is rising fast.
Electronics and roboticsMedium
Dual-axis solar tracker with four LDRs and two servos
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Four LDRs in a cross with small dividing walls sense which side is brighter. Two servos tilt a small solar panel left-right and up-down until all four read the same, so the panel faces the sun. A voltmeter reading from the panel shows the gain over a fixed panel.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno clone and USB cable
- Four LDRs and four 10 kΩ resistors
- Two SG90 servos and a pan-tilt bracket or cardboard frame
- A small 5 V or 6 V solar panel
- A 100 kΩ and 10 kΩ divider to read the panel voltage on A4
- A separate 5 V supply for the servos
- Cardboard for the LDR cross walls
Safety: Battery or USB power only. Do not look at the sun; test with a torch indoors and with the sun only briefly outdoors.
Take it further: Log the panel voltage for both modes all day and plot the energy gain.
PhysicsMedium
Joule heating: water temperature rise against voltage
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An electric current heats a resistor, and the heat produced in a fixed time is V squared divided by R, times t. Doubling the voltage on the same coil makes it deliver four times the heat.
You will need
- About 1 m of enamelled constantan (Eureka) wire wound into a coil of 3 to 5 ohm (from an electrical shop)
- Four D cells in a holder, or a 6 V battery pack
- A small steel or plastic cup with 100 mL of water (weigh it with a kitchen scale)
- A thermometer reading to 0.5 degrees C
- A wire switch made from a clip and a pin
- A multimeter for the voltage and the current
- A phone stopwatch and a thick cloth to wrap the cup
Safety: An adult must check the coil and the connections; the coil and the cup can get hot, so never touch the coil with a bare hand while the current flows, and keep the switch off between readings. Use only cells, never mains electricity.
Take it further: Keep the voltage fixed and use coils of two different lengths to show that heat in a fixed time is inversely proportional to R at constant voltage.
PhysicsMedium
Maximum power from a cell: power against load resistance graph
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A cell delivers the most power to a load when the load resistance equals the cell’s own internal resistance. The power curve rises, peaks and falls as the load is changed.
You will need
- Two AA cells in a holder (new, all of the same brand)
- About ten fixed resistors from 0.5 ohm to 47 ohm (shop, or old electronics)
- A multimeter used as a voltmeter
- Crocodile clips or a small breadboard
- Graph paper
- A calculator
Safety: An adult must supervise the low-ohm resistors, which can warm up; keep the circuit connected only while reading the meter.
Take it further: Repeat the experiment with a half-used pack and show that its internal resistance, and so the power peak position, has moved.
PhysicsMedium
Potential divider: output voltage from a pencil lead and an LDR
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Two resistors in series share the cell’s voltage in proportion to their resistances. Replacing one with an LDR makes the output voltage change with light, which is how many sensors work.
You will need
- Three AA cells in a holder (4.5 V)
- Two fixed resistors of 1 kohm and 10 kohm
- A light dependent resistor (LDR)
- A graphite pencil lead or a 10 kohm preset as a slider
- A multimeter
- A breadboard and wires (or crocodile clips)
- A torch and a dark box or cardboard tube
Safety: Use cells only. An adult should check the wiring before the cells are connected.
Take it further: Use the LDR divider output to drive a transistor that switches on an LED when the room darkens, and find the light level at which it switches.
PhysicsMedium
Diode V-I characteristic with cells: forward knee and reverse leakage
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A silicon diode conducts almost nothing until the forward voltage reaches about 0.6 to 0.7 V, then the current rises steeply. In reverse it passes almost no current.
You will need
- A 1N4007 or 1N4148 silicon diode
- Three AA cells in a holder
- A 1 kohm preset or a 10 kohm pencil-lead slider as a potential divider
- A 100 ohm resistor to protect the diode
- Two multimeters (one for voltage, one for current in mA)
- A breadboard and wires
- Graph paper
Safety: An adult must check the circuit before connecting; never connect the diode directly across a cell without the 100 ohm resistor, as the current would be large.
Take it further: Compare a red LED’s knee voltage, about 1.8 V, with the silicon diode on the same axes.
PhysicsChallenging
Slide-wire potentiometer to compare the emf of two cells
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On a uniform wire carrying a steady current, the voltage falls evenly along its length. The balance lengths for two cells are in the same ratio as their emfs, and no current is drawn from the cells at balance.
You will need
- About 1 m of constantan or nichrome wire stretched on a wooden board with a metre scale
- A driver supply of two or three D cells and a rheostat or fixed resistor
- Two test cells (for example a 1.5 V AA and a used cell of a different make)
- A multimeter on its lowest mA or microamp range as a null detector
- A jockey made from a nail or a paper clip tip
- A two-way key from clips and a pin
- Screws or drawing pins to hold the wire ends
Safety: An adult must check the wiring; keep the key open between readings to save the driver cells, and use only low voltage cells.
Take it further: Find the internal resistance of a cell by balancing it with and without a known resistor across it.
PhysicsMedium
Force on a current carrying wire: swinging foil strip in a magnet gap
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A wire carrying current in a magnetic field feels a sideways push, F = B I L. Reversing the current or the magnet reverses the push, as Fleming’s left-hand rule says.
You will need
- Two ceramic ferrite magnets from an old loudspeaker, placed on a steel strip or an iron bar to make a gap
- A strip of kitchen aluminium foil, 1 cm wide and 15 cm long, folded to a stiff ribbon
- Two cells (3 V) in a holder and a rheostat or 10 ohm resistor
- A wooden frame or a cardboard box with two paper clips as hangers
- A protractor and a ruler
- Flexible wire, a switch and crocodile clips
Safety: An adult must supervise: the foil can get warm and the current is large for a short time, so tap the switch only for a second or two. Keep magnets away from phones, watches and bank cards.
Take it further: Estimate the field B between the magnets from F = B I L using the swing angle and the mass of the foil strip.
PhysicsChallenging
How a bar magnet’s field falls with distance: compass log graph
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Far from a magnet the field along its axis falls roughly as the cube of the distance. A compass needle’s deflection, compared with the Earth’s field, lets you check this from a log graph.
You will need
- A strong bar magnet (neodymium or ferrite bar)
- A small plastic compass
- A long ruler or metre scale
- A wooden table away from iron, phones and steel furniture
- A sheet of paper and a protractor
- Graph paper or log graph paper
Safety: Neodymium magnets can pinch fingers and break; an adult must handle them and keep them away from phones, cards and pacemakers.
Take it further: Repeat in the broadside position and show that the field there is half the end-on value at the same distance.
PhysicsMedium
Torch bulb V-I curve: why a hot filament is not ohmic
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A bulb’s filament gets hotter as the current rises, and a hotter metal resists more. The graph of voltage against current therefore bends and the bulb does not obey Ohm’s law.
You will need
- A 2.5 V torch bulb with a holder
- Four AA cells in a holder (6 V; use one to four cells as steps)
- A multimeter used as a voltmeter and another for current, or a single one used twice
- A 10 ohm rheostat or a 22 ohm pencil-lead slider
- A switch, wires and crocodile clips
- Graph paper
Safety: An adult must check the wiring. Do not push a 2.5 V bulb above 3 V: it will burn out and the glass could pop. Use cells only.
Take it further: Measure a pencil-lead resistor over the same range and show that its graph is much closer to a straight line.
Before you start
How to choose a good project
Six things to think about before you decide. A project you understand and finish well beats a big one you rush.
Start with a question
Good projects answer a question you are curious about: why does iron rust, which fabric keeps tea hottest, how does a robot follow a line? A question gives your project a purpose.
Check what is asked
Find out whether your teacher wants a working model, a still model or an investigatory project, the size limits, the topic or theme, the date, and whether ready-made models are allowed.
Match your time and class
Each idea here shows a class band, a difficulty and a rough time. Choose something you can finish properly with time to test it, rather than something huge you have to rush.
Pick science you can explain
Judges and examiners ask how it works. Choose an idea whose science you understand, or can learn from your textbook and the free ebooks, and practise explaining it.
List materials and costs
Write down everything you need before you start. Many models use things from home; motors, LEDs, sensors and boards are easy to buy as spare parts or in a kit.
Make it your own
Change one thing and measure what happens, add a chart of your readings, or show a real-life use. Even a well-known model becomes yours when you add your own observations.
Plan your time
A four-week project timeline
Work backwards from the date of your exhibition or submission. Short of time? Do the same steps faster, but never skip testing.
- 4 weeks before
Choose and get it approved
- Shortlist two or three ideas
- Write your aim or question in one sentence
- Show your teacher and agree the idea
- 3 weeks before
Read and collect materials
- Read the science in your textbook and a free ebook
- Sketch the design with measurements
- Collect or buy the materials and spare parts
- 2 weeks before
Build and test
- Build one part at a time and test each part
- For an investigation, repeat each reading at least three times
- Write every observation in a notebook with the date
- 1 week before
Write the report and chart
- Aim, materials, method, observations, result and conclusion
- A neat table or graph of your readings
- A chart or poster with a labelled diagram
- Last 2 days
Rehearse
- Practise a one-minute explanation out loud
- Prepare answers to the questions below
- Pack spares: cells, wires, tape and glue
On the day
Present it with confidence
You will usually have a minute or two to explain your project, then questions. Practise both out loud at home.
A one-minute explanation
- 1Name and question“My project is a … It answers the question …”
- 2What it showsOne sentence of science, in your own words.
- 3How it worksPoint to each part as you explain it.
- 4What you foundYour readings or result, and what they mean.
- 5Real lifeWhere the same science is used every day.
Questions judges often ask
- What does your project show, in one sentence?
- How does it work? Which law or idea of science is behind it?
- What did you change, and what did you measure?
- What went wrong while you were making it, and how did you fix it?
- Where is this idea used in real life?
- What would you improve if you made it again?
What your project file needs
- Title page with your name, class and school
- Aim or question
- Introduction: the science behind it
- Materials list
- Method, step by step, with a diagram
- Observations in a table
- Result and conclusion
- Precautions and safety
- Sources: books and websites you used
Projects and kits
Ready-made projects, kits and spare parts
Need a working model, a kit to build yourself, or a motor, LED, battery or sensor to finish your own? Every idea card links to the matching section of the store.
School Projects, Class 1 to 9
Ready-made working models for class 1 to 9: science, maths, physics, chemistry and biology.Browse
School Projects, Class 10 to 12
Working models and investigatory projects for class 10, 11 and 12.Browse
Best Out of Waste
Models made from bottles, cardboard and old parts, for waste-management themes.Browse
Robotics and Coding
Robot kits, Arduino projects, line followers, obstacle avoiders and smart projects.Browse
DIY Kits
Kits with every part and step-by-step instructions, to build the model yourself.Browse
Components and Spares
Motors, LEDs, batteries, switches, wires, sensors and breadboards to build or repair.Browse
Engineering Projects
Minor and major projects for diploma and BTech students.Browse
Cannot find what you need? Ask the head office on WhatsApp.
Free ebooks
Free books for making projects
Step-by-step project books for every class, plus guides to exhibitions, project files and viva questions. Free to download, read and print.
Science projects
Writing a Science Project File
How to write the report, from the cover page to the bibliography
Science projects
Viva Questions for Science Projects
How to answer examiner questions, with sample questions for popular projects
Science projects
Easy Science Projects for Class 1 to 5
Simple, safe projects young children can make with a little help
Science projects
Science Projects for Class 6 to 8
Working models matched to middle-school science topics
Science projects
Investigatory Projects for Class 11 and 12
Topics, method and report structure for physics, chemistry and biology
Stay safe
Safety rules for every project
Read these with a parent before you start. Ideas that need extra care carry their own safety note on the card.
Never use mains electricity
Power your models with cells, batteries or a low-voltage adapter. Never connect anything home-made to a wall socket.
Adult help for sharp and hot tools
Cutters, blades, glue guns, soldering irons and drills need an adult beside you. Cut away from your body on a board.
Chemicals with care
Use only safe household materials at home. Acids, stains and other lab chemicals are for the school lab with your teacher. Wear goggles and never taste anything.
Flames only with an adult
Candles and burners only with an adult present and water nearby. Tie back long hair and keep paper away.
Look after batteries
Do not short-circuit a battery, mix old and new cells, or puncture or heat a lithium battery. Remove batteries when the model is stored.
Small parts away from little ones
Magnets, button cells and small parts can be swallowed. Keep them away from younger brothers and sisters, and wash your hands after making.
Questions about science projects
Still have a question?
Chat on WhatsAppWhat is the difference between a working model, a still model and an investigatory project?
A working model moves or works to show a principle, such as a windmill that lights an LED. A still model shows how something is built or arranged, such as the layers of the Earth. An investigatory project asks a question and answers it by experiment: you change one thing, measure the result and draw a conclusion from your readings.
Can I buy a ready-made project?
Check your school’s rules first: some competitions want models made by the student, and some allow ready-made ones. Either way, you must understand how it works and be able to explain it. A good approach is to build from a kit, or to add your own measurements and chart to a ready-made model.
How long does a school project take?
Each idea here shows a rough time for the making. Leave extra time for reading, testing, the report and practice: three to four weeks from choosing to presenting is comfortable for most school projects.
What should go in my project report or file?
A title page, your aim, the science behind it, the materials, the method with a diagram, your observations in a table, the result and conclusion, precautions, and the books and websites you used. The free ebook “Writing a Science Project File” explains each part.
What if my model stops working on the day?
Carry spare cells, wires and tape, and test everything when you arrive. Take a short video or photos of it working at home. If something still fails, explain calmly what should happen and what you would check: judges value understanding as much as a perfect model.
More help
Stuck on a project?
Read the student help pages, try the free calculators for circuits and units, or ask the head office on WhatsApp.