Science projects
Your Science Exhibition Guide
Choose a project, build it, present it and answer the judges with confidence
Science project idea finder
1029 science project ideas, from class 1 to college.
Find a project by class, subject and type. Every idea explains the science it shows, what you need, how long it takes and how to stay safe, with free ebooks and ready-made kits if you need them. 930 ideas have numbered steps and viva questions on their own page.
Want a complete build with diagrams? 16 free detailed project guides
- Class 1 to 5Simple, safe models made with help at home.224 ideas
- Class 6 to 8Working models of the science you learn in class.485 ideas
- Class 9 and 10Energy, electricity, light and first robots.467 ideas
- Class 11 and 12Investigatory projects for the practical exam.332 ideas
- College and diplomaArduino, IoT and sensor projects.119 ideas
Idea finder
Find your project
Choose your class and what interests you, or search for a word such as magnet, solar, heart or robot. Open any card for a summary, or its title for the full page with the science, the steps and the viva questions.
PhysicsEasy
Ohm’s law checked on a pencil-lead resistor with a V-I graph
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
For a graphite pencil lead at steady temperature, the current through it is directly proportional to the voltage across it. The V against I graph is a straight line through the origin and its slope is the resistance (Ohm’s law, V = IR).
You will need
- A 2B pencil sharpened at both ends, or a bare 4B lead
- Four AA cells and a battery holder (or four separate cells and tape)
- A digital multimeter (about Rs 250, or borrow from the school lab)
- Four jumper wires or wires with crocodile clips
- A 100 ohm resistor from a repair shop as a check
- Graph paper and a pencil
Safety: Use only dry cells, never a mains adaptor. Take readings quickly and let the lead cool between readings, because a warm lead changes its resistance and the graph will bend.
Take it further: Measure the resistance of a 2H and a 6B pencil and explain the difference by the amount of graphite in each.
PhysicsMedium
How resistance changes with the length and thickness of nichrome wire
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its area of cross section (R = rho L / A). Doubling the length doubles R, and twisting two equal wires together halves it.
You will need
- About 2 m of nichrome heater wire (from an electrical repair shop, under Rs 40) or thin iron binding wire
- A metre scale and a wooden plank to tape the wire along
- Two AA cells in a holder
- A digital multimeter
- Crocodile clip leads
- A screw gauge from the lab, or the wire gauge printed on the packet
Safety: Nichrome gets warm when current flows; keep the circuit closed only while reading. Cut wire with pliers, not a knife, and an adult must help with the cut ends, which are sharp.
Take it further: Repeat with wires of two different gauges and plot R against 1/A for a fixed length.
PhysicsEasy
Demonstration board comparing series and parallel torch bulbs
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
In a series circuit the same current flows through every bulb and the voltage is shared, so each bulb glows dimly and all go out if one is removed. In parallel each bulb gets the full cell voltage, glows brightly, and the others stay lit when one is removed.
You will need
- Six 2.5 V torch bulbs with holders (about Rs 10 each)
- Two AA cells in a holder (3 V)
- A cardboard or plywood board about 30 cm by 40 cm
- Insulated single-strand wire, 3 m
- Three slide switches or paper-clip switches
- A multimeter to read current and voltage
- Drawing pins and glue
Safety: Cells only, never mains. Bulbs and wires get slightly warm; switch off when not demonstrating. An adult must help with the cutter when stripping wire.
Take it further: Replace one bulb with an LED and a 220 ohm resistor and explain why the LED needs the resistor.
PhysicsMedium
Internal resistance and emf of a dry cell from a V-I graph
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
The terminal voltage of a cell falls as it supplies more current because of its internal resistance, following V = E minus I r. A graph of V against I is a straight line whose intercept is the emf E and whose slope is minus r.
You will need
- One fresh and one used AA or D cell
- Five resistors: 4.7, 10, 22, 47 and 100 ohm (1 W or 2 W, from an electronics shop)
- A digital multimeter
- Crocodile clip leads
- Graph paper
Safety: Never short the cell directly with a wire; it heats fast. Keep each reading under ten seconds so the cell does not warm up or run down during the experiment.
Take it further: Measure r of two cells in series and in parallel and compare with the expected 2r and r/2.
PhysicsMedium
Conductivity of salt water against concentration with two carbon rods
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
Pure water barely conducts, but dissolved salt gives free ions that carry current. The current through a salt solution rises with concentration at first and then levels off as the ions crowd each other.
You will need
- Two carbon rods pulled from dead zinc-carbon cells (an adult must open them) or two graphite pencil leads
- Common salt, a teaspoon and a kitchen weighing scale
- A 250 ml measuring jug and five identical glasses
- Three AA cells in a holder
- A digital multimeter
- Crocodile clip leads and a cardboard strip to hold the rods 3 cm apart
Safety: Cells only. Do not use the solutions afterwards for anything else. Wash hands after handling the carbon rods and wipe up spills, since salt water corrodes metal.
Take it further: Repeat at 10, 25 and 40 degrees Celsius for one concentration to show that conductivity of a solution rises with temperature.
PhysicsEasy
Electromagnet lifting power against number of turns and current
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The strength of an electromagnet grows with the number of turns of wire and with the current through it. Counting the pins it lifts for 20, 40, 60 and 80 turns gives a clear upward trend.
You will need
- A 10 cm iron nail or bolt
- About 5 m of enamelled copper wire (28 to 30 SWG, from an electrical shop)
- Two AA cells in a holder, plus a third cell for the current test
- A box of steel pins or paper clips
- Sandpaper to strip the wire ends
- A multimeter to measure current (optional)
Safety: The coil warms quickly; connect for only a few seconds per trial and let it cool. Pins are sharp; count them on a tray. Cells only.
Take it further: Compare an iron core, a steel bolt and no core at 80 turns, and explain which stays magnetised after the current stops.
PhysicsEasy
Homopolar motor from a screw, a cell and a neodymium magnet
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
A current flowing through a magnet in a magnetic field feels a sideways force (F = B I L), and here that force makes the magnet and screw spin at hundreds of revolutions per minute. It is the simplest motor that works with no coil and no commutator.
You will need
- One AA cell
- A 5 cm steel screw or nail
- A small disc neodymium magnet, 10 to 15 mm (about Rs 30 from an online shop)
- A 15 cm piece of copper wire with the insulation stripped
- A second magnet and a paper cup for the extension
Safety: The cell is shorted while the motor runs and gets hot; run it only for 10 to 20 seconds at a time. Neodymium magnets snap together hard and pinch, and small ones must be kept away from young children. Cells only.
Take it further: Build a wire homopolar motor where a bent copper loop spins around the cell instead of the magnet.
PhysicsMedium
Shake torch: a magnet moving through a coil lights an LED
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
Moving a magnet through a coil changes the magnetic flux through it and induces an emf (Faraday’s law), which lights an LED with no cell at all. Faster shaking and more turns give a brighter flash.
You will need
- A 15 cm length of PVC or a thick ballpoint pen barrel, 15 to 20 mm wide
- About 40 m of enamelled copper wire, 32 to 36 SWG (about Rs 150)
- A strong neodymium rod or stack of disc magnets that slides freely inside the tube
- Two LEDs (red works best, it needs only about 1.8 V)
- Two bottle caps or rubber stoppers to close the ends
- Tape, sandpaper and a multimeter set to AC volts
Safety: Keep neodymium magnets away from phones, cards and small children. Sand the enamel outdoors or over a bin. No cells are needed, so there is nothing to short.
Take it further: Add a diode bridge and a 1 F supercapacitor so the torch stores charge and stays lit after shaking stops.
PhysicsMedium
Eddy current brake: a metal plate pendulum swinging between magnets
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A solid aluminium or copper plate swinging between magnet poles stops within a few swings, while a slotted plate swings on, because circulating eddy currents are induced in the solid plate and Lenz’s law makes them oppose the motion. This is how train and roller-coaster magnetic brakes work.
You will need
- Two aluminium sheets about 8 cm by 8 cm, 1 to 2 mm thick (an old cooking pot lid or a sheet from a scrap shop); one left solid, one cut into comb slots
- Two strong neodymium block magnets or a stack of discs
- A wooden stand with a crossbar and a long bolt as a pivot
- A ruler, a protractor and a stopwatch or phone
- Glue and a small clamp
Safety: An adult must cut the slots with a hacksaw and file the edges smooth. Keep the magnets apart from each other when not fitted; they pinch fingers.
Take it further: Slide a magnet down a sloped aluminium sheet and down a slotted sheet and time both to show the same effect in a different form.
PhysicsMedium
Thermocouple from copper and iron wire read with a multimeter
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
Two different metals joined at two points produce a small voltage when the two junctions are at different temperatures (the Seebeck effect). The voltage rises roughly in proportion to the temperature difference, which is how thermocouple thermometers work.
You will need
- 30 cm of bare copper wire and 30 cm of iron binding wire (or a steel paper clip straightened)
- A digital multimeter that reads millivolts
- A cup of ice water and a cup of hot water from a kettle
- A kitchen or lab thermometer
- Sandpaper and a small pair of pliers
Safety: An adult must handle the hot water and the kettle. Do not put the junction into a flame; hot water up to 90 degrees Celsius is enough for a clear reading.
Take it further: Join ten copper-iron pairs in series as a thermopile and show that the voltage is ten times larger.
PhysicsMedium
Forward voltage of LEDs of different colours and the energy of light
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An LED only begins to conduct above a threshold voltage that is higher for colours of shorter wavelength: red about 1.8 V, green about 2.1 V, blue about 2.8 V. The threshold energy e V roughly equals the photon energy h c / lambda, so this experiment gives an estimate of Planck’s constant.
You will need
- Red, yellow, green, blue and white 5 mm LEDs (about Rs 2 each)
- A 10 kilo-ohm potentiometer (variable resistor)
- Three AA cells in a holder (4.5 V)
- A 220 ohm resistor
- A digital multimeter
- A breadboard or crocodile clips, and graph paper
Safety: Keep the 220 ohm resistor in series always, or the LED burns out. Never look straight into the blue or white LED at full brightness. Cells only.
Take it further: Measure the LED voltage in the dark with a bright torch shining on it to show the small photovoltaic effect in reverse.
PhysicsMedium
Charging and discharging a capacitor: the RC time constant with a stopwatch
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A capacitor charging through a resistor reaches 63 percent of the supply voltage after one time constant tau = R C, and discharges to 37 percent in the same time. With a large capacitor and a large resistor the process takes tens of seconds, slow enough to time by hand and to plot.
You will need
- A 1000 microfarad, 16 V electrolytic capacitor (about Rs 10)
- Resistors of 10, 22 and 47 kilo-ohm
- Three AA cells in a holder (4.5 V)
- A digital multimeter on DC volts
- A stopwatch or phone
- A red LED and a 220 ohm resistor for the discharge demonstration
- A breadboard or crocodile clips
Safety: Connect the electrolytic capacitor with its marked negative stripe to the negative side of the cells; reversed, it can heat and burst. Discharge it through a resistor before handling. Cells only.
Take it further: Use the discharge curve to measure an unknown resistor, or an unlabelled capacitor, from the measured time constant.
PhysicsChallenging
Metre bridge on a plank: finding an unknown resistance by balance
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A Wheatstone bridge is balanced when the galvanometer shows zero, and then the unknown resistance equals the known one multiplied by the ratio of the two wire lengths (X = R l / (100 minus l)). A home-built metre bridge measures resistors to within a few percent.
You will need
- A 1 m length of 28 SWG nichrome or constantan wire
- A 1.1 m wooden plank with a paper metre scale glued on
- Three brass or copper strips with screw terminals (an electrician can supply strips), or large crocodile clips
- A centre-zero galvanometer from the lab, or a multimeter on its lowest DC millivolt range
- Two AA cells, a switch and a jockey (a sharpened wire on a wooden handle)
- Known resistors: 10, 22, 47 and 100 ohm and one unmarked resistor
Safety: Cells only. Press the jockey briefly rather than sliding it, so the wire is not scraped thin. An adult must fix the terminal strips with screws.
Take it further: Measure the resistance of a coil of wire at room temperature and in hot water to find its temperature coefficient of resistance.
PhysicsEasy
Mapping magnetic field lines of bar magnets and a current-carrying wire
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
A small compass points along the magnetic field at each point, so plotting its direction step by step traces the field lines of a magnet. A wire carrying current also deflects the compass, showing that electric current produces a magnetic field (Oersted’s experiment).
You will need
- Two bar magnets
- A small plotting compass (about Rs 30) or five cheap button compasses
- Large sheets of white paper and a pencil
- A 1 m length of thick insulated copper wire
- Two AA cells in a holder and a switch
- Iron filings in a salt shaker for the optional picture
Safety: Cells only, and close the switch only for a few seconds at a time because the wire shorts the cells. Keep iron filings away from eyes and off the magnet surface (wrap the magnet in paper).
Take it further: Map the field of a coil of 20 turns with current flowing and compare it with the bar magnet map.
PhysicsChallenging
Home-made tangent galvanometer: compass deflection against coil current
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A compass at the centre of a vertical coil set in the magnetic north-south plane is deflected by the coil’s field, and the tangent of the deflection angle is proportional to the current (tan theta = B_coil / B_H). This measures current and even the horizontal component of Earth’s field.
You will need
- A cardboard ring or plastic lid about 15 cm across for the coil frame
- About 15 m of enamelled copper wire for 20 to 30 turns
- A plotting compass with a degree scale, or a small compass placed on a printed protractor
- Resistors of 22, 47, 100 and 220 ohm
- Two AA cells in a holder and a switch
- A multimeter on milliamps
- A wooden base and a spirit level or a smartphone level app
Safety: Cells only, and keep the current below about 100 mA so the coil stays cool. Keep steel objects and phones well away from the compass during readings.
Take it further: Repeat with 10 and 40 turns and show the slope changes in proportion to N.
PhysicsMedium
Joule heating: water temperature rise against voltage
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
An electric current heats a resistor, and the heat produced in a fixed time is V squared divided by R, times t. Doubling the voltage on the same coil makes it deliver four times the heat.
You will need
- About 1 m of enamelled constantan (Eureka) wire wound into a coil of 3 to 5 ohm (from an electrical shop)
- Four D cells in a holder, or a 6 V battery pack
- A small steel or plastic cup with 100 mL of water (weigh it with a kitchen scale)
- A thermometer reading to 0.5 degrees C
- A wire switch made from a clip and a pin
- A multimeter for the voltage and the current
- A phone stopwatch and a thick cloth to wrap the cup
Safety: An adult must check the coil and the connections; the coil and the cup can get hot, so never touch the coil with a bare hand while the current flows, and keep the switch off between readings. Use only cells, never mains electricity.
Take it further: Keep the voltage fixed and use coils of two different lengths to show that heat in a fixed time is inversely proportional to R at constant voltage.
PhysicsMedium
Maximum power from a cell: power against load resistance graph
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
A cell delivers the most power to a load when the load resistance equals the cell’s own internal resistance. The power curve rises, peaks and falls as the load is changed.
You will need
- Two AA cells in a holder (new, all of the same brand)
- About ten fixed resistors from 0.5 ohm to 47 ohm (shop, or old electronics)
- A multimeter used as a voltmeter
- Crocodile clips or a small breadboard
- Graph paper
- A calculator
Safety: An adult must supervise the low-ohm resistors, which can warm up; keep the circuit connected only while reading the meter.
Take it further: Repeat the experiment with a half-used pack and show that its internal resistance, and so the power peak position, has moved.
PhysicsMedium
Potential divider: output voltage from a pencil lead and an LDR
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
Two resistors in series share the cell’s voltage in proportion to their resistances. Replacing one with an LDR makes the output voltage change with light, which is how many sensors work.
You will need
- Three AA cells in a holder (4.5 V)
- Two fixed resistors of 1 kohm and 10 kohm
- A light dependent resistor (LDR)
- A graphite pencil lead or a 10 kohm preset as a slider
- A multimeter
- A breadboard and wires (or crocodile clips)
- A torch and a dark box or cardboard tube
Safety: Use cells only. An adult should check the wiring before the cells are connected.
Take it further: Use the LDR divider output to drive a transistor that switches on an LED when the room darkens, and find the light level at which it switches.
PhysicsMedium
Diode V-I characteristic with cells: forward knee and reverse leakage
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
A silicon diode conducts almost nothing until the forward voltage reaches about 0.6 to 0.7 V, then the current rises steeply. In reverse it passes almost no current.
You will need
- A 1N4007 or 1N4148 silicon diode
- Three AA cells in a holder
- A 1 kohm preset or a 10 kohm pencil-lead slider as a potential divider
- A 100 ohm resistor to protect the diode
- Two multimeters (one for voltage, one for current in mA)
- A breadboard and wires
- Graph paper
Safety: An adult must check the circuit before connecting; never connect the diode directly across a cell without the 100 ohm resistor, as the current would be large.
Take it further: Compare a red LED’s knee voltage, about 1.8 V, with the silicon diode on the same axes.
PhysicsChallenging
Slide-wire potentiometer to compare the emf of two cells
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
On a uniform wire carrying a steady current, the voltage falls evenly along its length. The balance lengths for two cells are in the same ratio as their emfs, and no current is drawn from the cells at balance.
You will need
- About 1 m of constantan or nichrome wire stretched on a wooden board with a metre scale
- A driver supply of two or three D cells and a rheostat or fixed resistor
- Two test cells (for example a 1.5 V AA and a used cell of a different make)
- A multimeter on its lowest mA or microamp range as a null detector
- A jockey made from a nail or a paper clip tip
- A two-way key from clips and a pin
- Screws or drawing pins to hold the wire ends
Safety: An adult must check the wiring; keep the key open between readings to save the driver cells, and use only low voltage cells.
Take it further: Find the internal resistance of a cell by balancing it with and without a known resistor across it.
PhysicsMedium
Force on a current carrying wire: swinging foil strip in a magnet gap
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
A wire carrying current in a magnetic field feels a sideways push, F = B I L. Reversing the current or the magnet reverses the push, as Fleming’s left-hand rule says.
You will need
- Two ceramic ferrite magnets from an old loudspeaker, placed on a steel strip or an iron bar to make a gap
- A strip of kitchen aluminium foil, 1 cm wide and 15 cm long, folded to a stiff ribbon
- Two cells (3 V) in a holder and a rheostat or 10 ohm resistor
- A wooden frame or a cardboard box with two paper clips as hangers
- A protractor and a ruler
- Flexible wire, a switch and crocodile clips
Safety: An adult must supervise: the foil can get warm and the current is large for a short time, so tap the switch only for a second or two. Keep magnets away from phones, watches and bank cards.
Take it further: Estimate the field B between the magnets from F = B I L using the swing angle and the mass of the foil strip.
PhysicsChallenging
How a bar magnet’s field falls with distance: compass log graph
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
Far from a magnet the field along its axis falls roughly as the cube of the distance. A compass needle’s deflection, compared with the Earth’s field, lets you check this from a log graph.
You will need
- A strong bar magnet (neodymium or ferrite bar)
- A small plastic compass
- A long ruler or metre scale
- A wooden table away from iron, phones and steel furniture
- A sheet of paper and a protractor
- Graph paper or log graph paper
Safety: Neodymium magnets can pinch fingers and break; an adult must handle them and keep them away from phones, cards and pacemakers.
Take it further: Repeat in the broadside position and show that the field there is half the end-on value at the same distance.
PhysicsMedium
Torch bulb V-I curve: why a hot filament is not ohmic
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
A bulb’s filament gets hotter as the current rises, and a hotter metal resists more. The graph of voltage against current therefore bends and the bulb does not obey Ohm’s law.
You will need
- A 2.5 V torch bulb with a holder
- Four AA cells in a holder (6 V; use one to four cells as steps)
- A multimeter used as a voltmeter and another for current, or a single one used twice
- A 10 ohm rheostat or a 22 ohm pencil-lead slider
- A switch, wires and crocodile clips
- Graph paper
Safety: An adult must check the wiring. Do not push a 2.5 V bulb above 3 V: it will burn out and the glass could pop. Use cells only.
Take it further: Measure a pencil-lead resistor over the same range and show that its graph is much closer to a straight line.
PhysicsChallenging
Kirchhoff’s current and voltage laws on a two-loop resistor board
Show detailsHide detailsWhat it shows
At any junction the currents entering equal the currents leaving, and round any closed loop the voltages add to zero. A two-loop board with two cells shows both laws with measured values.
You will need
- Two AA cells with holders (one 1.5 V and one 3 V pack)
- Three resistors of 10, 22 and 47 ohm
- A multimeter (voltage and mA)
- A breadboard, or a plywood board with screws and wire
- Wires and crocodile clips
- Paper to draw the circuit and the loops
Safety: An adult must check the wiring. Keep the board low-voltage; the resistors may warm up, so disconnect between readings.
Take it further: Swap the polarity of one cell and predict, then measure, the new currents.
Before you start
How to choose a good project
Six things to think about before you decide. A project you understand and finish well beats a big one you rush.
Start with a question
Good projects answer a question you are curious about: why does iron rust, which fabric keeps tea hottest, how does a robot follow a line? A question gives your project a purpose.
Check what is asked
Find out whether your teacher wants a working model, a still model or an investigatory project, the size limits, the topic or theme, the date, and whether ready-made models are allowed.
Match your time and class
Each idea here shows a class band, a difficulty and a rough time. Choose something you can finish properly with time to test it, rather than something huge you have to rush.
Pick science you can explain
Judges and examiners ask how it works. Choose an idea whose science you understand, or can learn from your textbook and the free ebooks, and practise explaining it.
List materials and costs
Write down everything you need before you start. Many models use things from home; motors, LEDs, sensors and boards are easy to buy as spare parts or in a kit.
Make it your own
Change one thing and measure what happens, add a chart of your readings, or show a real-life use. Even a well-known model becomes yours when you add your own observations.
Plan your time
A four-week project timeline
Work backwards from the date of your exhibition or submission. Short of time? Do the same steps faster, but never skip testing.
- 4 weeks before
Choose and get it approved
- Shortlist two or three ideas
- Write your aim or question in one sentence
- Show your teacher and agree the idea
- 3 weeks before
Read and collect materials
- Read the science in your textbook and a free ebook
- Sketch the design with measurements
- Collect or buy the materials and spare parts
- 2 weeks before
Build and test
- Build one part at a time and test each part
- For an investigation, repeat each reading at least three times
- Write every observation in a notebook with the date
- 1 week before
Write the report and chart
- Aim, materials, method, observations, result and conclusion
- A neat table or graph of your readings
- A chart or poster with a labelled diagram
- Last 2 days
Rehearse
- Practise a one-minute explanation out loud
- Prepare answers to the questions below
- Pack spares: cells, wires, tape and glue
On the day
Present it with confidence
You will usually have a minute or two to explain your project, then questions. Practise both out loud at home.
A one-minute explanation
- 1Name and question“My project is a … It answers the question …”
- 2What it showsOne sentence of science, in your own words.
- 3How it worksPoint to each part as you explain it.
- 4What you foundYour readings or result, and what they mean.
- 5Real lifeWhere the same science is used every day.
Questions judges often ask
- What does your project show, in one sentence?
- How does it work? Which law or idea of science is behind it?
- What did you change, and what did you measure?
- What went wrong while you were making it, and how did you fix it?
- Where is this idea used in real life?
- What would you improve if you made it again?
What your project file needs
- Title page with your name, class and school
- Aim or question
- Introduction: the science behind it
- Materials list
- Method, step by step, with a diagram
- Observations in a table
- Result and conclusion
- Precautions and safety
- Sources: books and websites you used
Projects and kits
Ready-made projects, kits and spare parts
Need a working model, a kit to build yourself, or a motor, LED, battery or sensor to finish your own? Every idea card links to the matching section of the store.
School Projects, Class 1 to 9
Ready-made working models for class 1 to 9: science, maths, physics, chemistry and biology.Browse
School Projects, Class 10 to 12
Working models and investigatory projects for class 10, 11 and 12.Browse
Best Out of Waste
Models made from bottles, cardboard and old parts, for waste-management themes.Browse
Robotics and Coding
Robot kits, Arduino projects, line followers, obstacle avoiders and smart projects.Browse
DIY Kits
Kits with every part and step-by-step instructions, to build the model yourself.Browse
Components and Spares
Motors, LEDs, batteries, switches, wires, sensors and breadboards to build or repair.Browse
Engineering Projects
Minor and major projects for diploma and BTech students.Browse
Cannot find what you need? Ask the head office on WhatsApp.
Free ebooks
Free books for making projects
Step-by-step project books for every class, plus guides to exhibitions, project files and viva questions. Free to download, read and print.
Science projects
Writing a Science Project File
How to write the report, from the cover page to the bibliography
Science projects
Viva Questions for Science Projects
How to answer examiner questions, with sample questions for popular projects
Science projects
Easy Science Projects for Class 1 to 5
Simple, safe projects young children can make with a little help
Science projects
Science Projects for Class 6 to 8
Working models matched to middle-school science topics
Science projects
Investigatory Projects for Class 11 and 12
Topics, method and report structure for physics, chemistry and biology
Stay safe
Safety rules for every project
Read these with a parent before you start. Ideas that need extra care carry their own safety note on the card.
Never use mains electricity
Power your models with cells, batteries or a low-voltage adapter. Never connect anything home-made to a wall socket.
Adult help for sharp and hot tools
Cutters, blades, glue guns, soldering irons and drills need an adult beside you. Cut away from your body on a board.
Chemicals with care
Use only safe household materials at home. Acids, stains and other lab chemicals are for the school lab with your teacher. Wear goggles and never taste anything.
Flames only with an adult
Candles and burners only with an adult present and water nearby. Tie back long hair and keep paper away.
Look after batteries
Do not short-circuit a battery, mix old and new cells, or puncture or heat a lithium battery. Remove batteries when the model is stored.
Small parts away from little ones
Magnets, button cells and small parts can be swallowed. Keep them away from younger brothers and sisters, and wash your hands after making.
Questions about science projects
Still have a question?
Chat on WhatsAppWhat is the difference between a working model, a still model and an investigatory project?
A working model moves or works to show a principle, such as a windmill that lights an LED. A still model shows how something is built or arranged, such as the layers of the Earth. An investigatory project asks a question and answers it by experiment: you change one thing, measure the result and draw a conclusion from your readings.
Can I buy a ready-made project?
Check your school’s rules first: some competitions want models made by the student, and some allow ready-made ones. Either way, you must understand how it works and be able to explain it. A good approach is to build from a kit, or to add your own measurements and chart to a ready-made model.
How long does a school project take?
Each idea here shows a rough time for the making. Leave extra time for reading, testing, the report and practice: three to four weeks from choosing to presenting is comfortable for most school projects.
What should go in my project report or file?
A title page, your aim, the science behind it, the materials, the method with a diagram, your observations in a table, the result and conclusion, precautions, and the books and websites you used. The free ebook “Writing a Science Project File” explains each part.
What if my model stops working on the day?
Carry spare cells, wires and tape, and test everything when you arrive. Take a short video or photos of it working at home. If something still fails, explain calmly what should happen and what you would check: judges value understanding as much as a perfect model.
More help
Stuck on a project?
Read the student help pages, try the free calculators for circuits and units, or ask the head office on WhatsApp.