Science projects
Your Science Exhibition Guide
Choose a project, build it, present it and answer the judges with confidence
Science project idea finder
1029 science project ideas, from class 1 to college.
Find a project by class, subject and type. Every idea explains the science it shows, what you need, how long it takes and how to stay safe, with free ebooks and ready-made kits if you need them. 930 ideas have numbered steps and viva questions on their own page.
Want a complete build with diagrams? 16 free detailed project guides
- Class 1 to 5Simple, safe models made with help at home.224 ideas
- Class 6 to 8Working models of the science you learn in class.485 ideas
- Class 9 and 10Energy, electricity, light and first robots.467 ideas
- Class 11 and 12Investigatory projects for the practical exam.332 ideas
- College and diplomaArduino, IoT and sensor projects.119 ideas
Idea finder
Find your project
Choose your class and what interests you, or search for a word such as magnet, solar, heart or robot. Open any card for a summary, or its title for the full page with the science, the steps and the viva questions.
Computing and codingChallenging
Seasonal rainfall prediction for a district with a random forest model
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Farmers decide sowing dates and reservoir managers plan releases using rainfall outlooks. The project builds a machine learning model that predicts the coming month’s rainfall of one district from past rainfall and temperature, tests it honestly against a simple average baseline and reports where it fails.
You will need
- A laptop with Python 3, pandas, numpy, scikit-learn and matplotlib
- 30 or more years of monthly rainfall and temperature for one district from an open data portal (CSV)
- Jupyter notebook
- A notebook and printer for the report
- Free Google Colab account as an alternative
Safety: Use only public data and cite the source and licence. State clearly that the model is a student exercise and not a forecast for decisions.
Take it further: Add a sea-surface temperature index such as the Indian Ocean Dipole as a feature and test if the skill improves.
Computing and codingChallenging
Handwritten digit recognition with a CNN on MNIST and a browser demo
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Cheque and form readers recognise handwriting. A small convolutional neural network learns to read digits from the open MNIST data set. The project trains it on a laptop, tests accuracy, studies the errors and builds a web page where a user draws a digit.
You will need
- A laptop with Python 3, TensorFlow or PyTorch, numpy and matplotlib (or Google Colab free tier)
- The MNIST data set (open, built into the libraries)
- Flask or TensorFlow.js for the demo
- A browser with canvas support
- A notebook for the report
Safety: Training can make a laptop hot for long periods, so keep it ventilated. Save work often.
Take it further: Collect 500 digits written in Devanagari by classmates and train a model for Hindi numerals.
EnvironmentChallenging
Next-day air quality index forecast for a city using open CPCB-style data
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Winter smog in north Indian cities makes people ask whether tomorrow will be worse. A model using yesterday’s pollutant levels, season and weather can give a rough forecast. The project builds one from public daily air quality data and compares it with the rule that tomorrow equals today.
You will need
- A laptop with Python 3, pandas, scikit-learn, matplotlib
- A public daily air quality data set for a city with PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and AQI over 3 or more years (CSV from an open source)
- Jupyter notebook
- A report template
Safety: Use only public data and state the source. Do not present your forecast as official advice about health.
Take it further: Add satellite fire-count data for the neighbouring states as a feature and see if autumn spikes become predictable.
Computing and codingMedium
SMS spam classifier using Naive Bayes with a web form and error analysis
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Fake lottery, loan and KYC messages reach millions of phones. A Naive Bayes classifier learns spam words from labelled messages. The project trains on an open SMS data set, measures precision and recall and builds a small web page that scores a message.
You will need
- A laptop with Python 3, pandas, scikit-learn, Flask
- The open SMS Spam Collection data set (about 5,500 messages)
- Jupyter notebook
- Twenty real spam and ham messages written by you in Hinglish (no personal data) for a second test
Safety: Use only public data and your own invented examples. Never click links in real spam messages.
Take it further: Collect 300 Hinglish messages, label them and show how retraining improves recall.
Computing and codingChallenging
Plant leaf disease classifier using transfer learning on an open image set
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Farmers lose crops to diseases that are spotted too late. A neural network trained on leaf photographs can suggest the likely disease. The project fine-tunes a pretrained image model on a subset of an open plant leaf data set, measures accuracy and tests it honestly on photographs taken in the field.
You will need
- A laptop with Python 3 and TensorFlow or PyTorch (or Google Colab free GPU)
- An open plant leaf image data set (a subset of 3 to 5 classes of one crop, about 300 images per class)
- A phone to take 50 test photographs of real leaves from a garden
- A notebook and printer
Safety: Go with an adult to a field or garden and ask permission before taking leaves or pictures. Use gloves around diseased plants.
Take it further: Convert the model to TensorFlow Lite and run it in an Android app that classifies from the phone camera.
Electronics and roboticsChallenging
LoRa point-to-point sensor link: range and packet loss between two ESP32 nodes
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Wi-Fi does not reach farms, dams or hill villages. LoRa radio reaches kilometres on a few milliwatts. The project builds a transmitter that sends soil moisture and temperature and a receiver that shows them, then measures signal strength, packet loss and range against distance, spreading factor and antenna height.
You will need
- Two ESP32 boards
- Two SX1278 LoRa modules for the 433 MHz licence-free band or ready 868 or 865 MHz boards approved for India (check the allowed band)
- Two matching antennas
- A soil moisture sensor and a DHT22
- Two power banks
- A phone with a GPS distance app
- A small box for the transmitter
Safety: Use only the licence-free band and power allowed in India and keep to the power limit of the module. Do not transmit near an airport. An adult must accompany field tests and keep to open safe ground.
Take it further: Add a third node and a simple repeater and test whether a hilltop relay reaches a hidden valley.
Electronics and roboticsChallenging
MAX30102 pulse rate and SpO2 monitor compared with manual pulse counts
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A pulse oximeter clips on a finger and shows pulse and blood oxygen using red and infrared light. A student can build a low-cost model with a MAX30102 sensor and an Arduino, display the readings, and test the pulse rate against a manual count. The project is for learning only and must not be used for medical decisions.
You will need
- An Arduino Uno or Nano
- A MAX30102 pulse oximeter and heart rate sensor module
- A 0.96 inch I2C OLED display
- A breadboard, jumper wires
- A stopwatch
- A box with a finger holder made of foam
- A commercial pulse oximeter for comparison, borrowed from a clinic (optional)
Safety: This is not a medical device and its readings must not be used for diagnosis or treatment. Test only on consenting volunteers and use low light output. An adult must supervise, and stop if anyone feels unwell.
Take it further: Send the heart rate over Bluetooth to a phone app and plot a 10-minute history during a rest and recovery test.
PhysicsChallenging
Micro-hydro Pelton wheel model: electrical power against head and flow
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Hill villages in Uttarakhand, Himachal and the North East run small hydro plants on streams. A bucket wheel turned by a jet of water drives a generator. The project builds a Pelton-style wheel from spoons or cups, drives a small motor as a generator and measures how output power changes with head and flow, and finds efficiency.
You will need
- A wheel made from a plastic or wooden disc with 12 steel or plastic spoons or cups
- A 12 V DC motor to act as a generator, a pulley or direct coupling
- A water tank or a 20 litre drum raised on a stand, a nozzle of 4 to 6 mm from a pipe cap with a drilled hole
- Pipe, valve and a bucket with a stopwatch to measure flow
- A rheostat or resistor load and two multimeters
- A pump-free recirculating tray or a drain outdoors
Safety: Keep water away from electrical connections, and use a low-voltage motor only. An adult must handle drilling and the raised tank to stop it from toppling. Keep the floor dry to prevent slipping.
Take it further: Compare the cup shape of spoons with a half-ball plastic cup and a split cup and measure the gain in efficiency.
EnvironmentChallenging
Kitchen waste biogas digester model: gas yield measured over three weeks
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Biogas plants turn cow dung and kitchen waste into cooking gas and compost, and many villages already use them. A 20 litre model digester shows how temperature and feed change the gas produced. The project measures daily gas volume by water displacement and compares two feeds, without burning the gas.
You will need
- Two 20 litre plastic drums with screw lids, used and washed
- Fresh cow dung (2 kg), kitchen waste such as vegetable peels (1 kg), water
- Pipe fittings, a one-way valve, tubing and sealant
- A gas collection bottle upside down in a water tub, with a marked scale
- A thermometer and pH strips
- Rubber gloves and a mask
- A shaded place outdoors
Safety: Biogas contains methane, which is flammable and can form an explosive mixture with air. Do the experiment outdoors, away from any flame or spark, and do not burn or store the gas. Wear gloves and wash hands after handling waste. An adult must supervise and keep the gas vented outdoors.
Take it further: Measure the carbon dioxide fraction by bubbling the gas through lime water or a sodium hydroxide solution and noting the volume loss.
PhysicsChallenging
Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine: blade design and power coefficient test
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Small wind turbines for rooftops and villages must work with turbulent, low wind speeds. A Savonius rotor made from half-cut drums or pipes works without turning to face the wind. The project builds three rotor designs, tests them in a box fan wind stream and calculates their power coefficient.
You will need
- Three rotors made from half-cut PVC pipes or aluminium sheets with different overlap ratios (0, 15 and 30 percent), height 30 cm and diameter 25 cm
- A shaft, bearings and a stand
- A small DC motor or alternator as a generator
- A table fan or a household pedestal fan used as a wind source on a stand (not modified)
- An anemometer or a phone app with a sensor, and a tape measure
- A resistor load and two multimeters
Safety: Keep fingers and hair away from the fan and the rotor. Fix the rotor firmly so that blades do not fly off. Use the fan as supplied from a sealed plug and do not open or modify it. An adult must supervise.
Take it further: Twist the rotor by 90 degrees between two stacked stages to smooth the torque and compare its Cp with that of the single stage.
EnvironmentMedium
Solar still yield study with three cover angles and two basin colours
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In coastal and desert regions with salty groundwater, solar stills give drinking-quality distilled water without fuel. The project builds a basin-type still, measures the daily yield of distilled water from salty water and compares cover angles and basin colours.
You will need
- Three identical wooden or plastic trays 50 x 40 cm with a collecting channel
- Window glass or clear polythene sheets cut at angles of 15, 30 and 45 degrees
- Black paint (a water-safe, non-toxic one) and a second tray left unpainted
- Salt water (2 spoons of salt per litre) and a measuring cylinder
- Silicone sealant
- A thermometer and a pyranometer app or sunlight timing record
- Collection bottles
Safety: Handle glass with gloves and have an adult cut it. Keep away from the hot water and steam. Never drink the collected water unless its safety is tested by a lab, because paint or sealant can contaminate it.
Take it further: Add a mirror reflector on one side or a second condensing surface and measure the gain in daily yield.
EnvironmentChallenging
Constructed wetland model that treats kitchen greywater with reeds and gravel
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Many colonies and farms have no sewage treatment for sink and bath water. A bed of gravel planted with reeds can clean greywater cheaply. The project builds a small horizontal-flow bed, feeds it with diluted kitchen greywater and tests the water before and after for turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen proxy and chemical oxygen demand (COD) estimate.
You will need
- A long plastic tray or cut drum, 100 x 40 x 30 cm
- Gravel of 10 to 20 mm and coarse sand
- Reed or canna lily plants from a nursery or nearby pond (use local species)
- A settling bucket as pre-treatment and a drain tap
- pH strips, a turbidity tube, a TDS meter and a COD or BOD test kit from a school lab (or send samples to a lab)
- Kitchen greywater from rinsing utensils with mild soap, diluted
- Sample bottles
Safety: Greywater carries germs: wear gloves, wash hands and do not drink or use the treated water. Do not use bleach or strong cleaners in the water. Use the output to water only ornamental plants or discard properly. An adult must supervise.
Take it further: Use two beds in series, a vertical and a horizontal one, and test whether nitrogen removal improves.
EnvironmentChallenging
Rooftop rainwater tank sizing with Python and 20 years of daily rainfall
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Households asking how big a rainwater tank should be often get rule-of-thumb answers. A daily water-balance simulation using 20 years of local rainfall, a roof area and the family demand shows what percentage of demand a tank of a given size can meet. The project builds the model in Python and gives a sizing chart for a real house.
You will need
- A laptop with Python 3, pandas, numpy and matplotlib
- Daily rainfall data for a nearby station for 20 years (open CSV from a public source)
- A tape measure to find the roof area of a house, with the owner’s permission
- A survey form for the water demand of the family
- A report template
Safety: Take permission before measuring a roof, and an adult must do any roof access. Use the ground plan area and not climb up. Use only anonymous demand data.
Take it further: Add a recharge pit to receive the overflow and estimate the volume of water that goes to groundwater each year.
PhysicsChallenging
Shake table for model buildings with an MPU6050 and a base isolation test
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Large parts of India lie in seismic zones, and building codes require earthquake-resistant design. A low-cost shake table moves a model building side to side at chosen frequencies. The project finds the natural frequency of tall and short models, shows resonance and tests a rolling base isolator.
You will need
- A 40 x 40 cm plywood platform on linear rails made from drawer slides
- A 12 V geared DC motor with a crank and connecting rod for a stroke of 1 to 2 cm
- A PWM motor driver and a 12 V sealed supply
- Model buildings from balsa or ice-cream sticks: a 3-storey and a 6-storey frame with weights as floors
- An MPU6050 accelerometer and Arduino, or a phone accelerometer app
- Marbles between two plates for a base isolator
- A phone for slow-motion video
Safety: Keep clear of the moving platform and clamp the base to the table. Use a battery or sealed 12 V adapter only. An adult must supervise, especially when the model sways strongly.
Take it further: Add diagonal bracing to the 6-storey model and show how it raises the natural frequency and lowers the sway.
EnvironmentChallenging
Low-cost soil testing kit: sieve analysis, plasticity and compaction for three sites
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Before any road, school building or pond is built, the soil must be tested, but lab tests cost money. A student kit of sieves, a cone for plasticity and a small compaction mould can classify soils from three real sites. The project compares them using the same standard ideas as the geotechnical lab.
You will need
- A set of kitchen and hardware sieves of 4.75 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.25 mm and 0.075 mm (or the nearest mesh available)
- A digital kitchen scale with 1 g resolution
- A drying tray, a sunny day or a domestic oven used by an adult at low heat
- A plastic cone and 80 g weight for a simple fall-cone test, or a glass plate for thread rolling (plastic limit)
- A small mould (a 10 cm diameter, 12 cm tall steel can) and a 2.5 kg rammer made of a pipe with weights
- Soil samples from three places
- Water spray and a measuring cylinder
Safety: Wear a dust mask and gloves while handling dry soil and take permission before digging. An adult must handle the oven and heavy rammer. Do not dig near pipes or cables, or deeper than 30 cm.
Take it further: Make bricks from each soil with 0 and 10 percent cement or lime and compare their crushing strength using weights on a plate.
ChemistryMedium
Does salt or sugar change the boiling point of water?
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Dissolved salt or sugar raises the boiling point of water by a small amount that grows with the number of dissolved particles. You measure the rise with a lab thermometer and compare it with the tiny amount people imagine when they salt cooking water.
You will need
- A steel pan or small vessel
- A lab thermometer reading up to 110 C (borrow from school)
- Common salt, 4 spoons
- Sugar, 4 spoons
- A measuring cup and 4 cups of water
- A gas stove or induction plate (adult only)
- Notebook and a clock
Safety: An adult must run the stove and hold the pan, because boiling water and steam cause bad burns. The thermometer must hang from a stand or clamp and never rest on the pan bottom. Keep children at arm length from the steam.
Take it further: Compare your readings with the calculated rise using 0.5 C per mole of dissolved particles in a kilogram of water.
ChemistryEasy
Ice cream in a bag: why salted ice gets colder than ice
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Salt dissolving in the thin layer of melt water on ice lowers its freezing point, so the ice bath drops below 0 C and freezes a sweet milk mixture into soft ice cream. A thermometer shows how much colder salted ice gets.
You will need
- 1 cup cold milk
- 2 spoons sugar and a few drops of vanilla, optional
- 2 strong zip bags, one small and one large
- About 3 cups of crushed ice
- 6 spoons of rock salt or common salt
- A thermometer if available
- A towel or old cloth for holding the bag
Safety: Use only food-grade ingredients, and do not eat if anyone is allergic to milk. Wear a cloth around the bag because it gets very cold, and an adult must crush the ice with a clean cloth and rolling pin.
Take it further: Time how fast the ice cream sets using one, two and three spoons of salt and plot the results.
BiologyMedium
Dough rise measured with a rubber band: sugar and salt effects
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Yeast in dough eats sugar and gives out carbon dioxide gas, which stretches the sticky gluten and raises the dough. By marking the height in glasses you measure how sugar and salt change the speed of rising.
You will need
- Plain flour (maida) or atta, 4 cups
- Instant dry yeast, 1 small packet
- Sugar and salt
- Four identical tall glasses or cups
- Rubber bands to mark height
- Warm water at about 35 C, tested on the wrist
- A ruler and a stopwatch
Safety: Wash hands before and after handling dough. Do not eat raw dough because flour can carry germs. Use warm, not hot, water, which an adult checks.
Take it further: Compare dough at 10 C in the fridge, room temperature and a warm place to find the best rising temperature.
ChemistryEasy
Baking soda or baking powder: which makes more bubbles?
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Baking soda needs an acid to give carbon dioxide, while baking powder already has its own acid and only needs water. Testing both with vinegar, curd water and plain water shows why recipes pick one or the other.
You will need
- 1 spoon of baking soda
- 1 spoon of baking powder
- Small clear glasses, 6
- Plain water, vinegar, and diluted curd water
- A measuring teaspoon and a ruler
- Small balloons, 6, to catch the gas
- A marker pen
Safety: Do not taste the test glasses. An adult must supervise the balloons so no fizz goes near the eyes, and wash hands after the test.
Take it further: Bake two small idlis or cakes, one with each, and measure which one rises more.
BiologyEasy
Which bag ripens bananas faster? Ethylene gas at home
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Ripe fruits release a gas called ethylene that makes other fruits ripen faster. By keeping green bananas in different bags and with a ripe fruit, you see how trapping this gas speeds up ripening.
You will need
- 6 green bananas of the same bunch
- 1 ripe banana or apple
- Paper bag, plastic bag and an open plate
- A notebook and a pencil
- Coloured pencils to match the peel colour
- A shelf in a room away from direct sun
Safety: Wash hands after handling fruit and do not eat any fruit that has gone mouldy or smells sour. Do not seal a child in or play with plastic bags near the face.
Take it further: Repeat with tomatoes or mangoes and compare which fruit responds most to the ripe apple.
ChemistryEasy
Why apple slices turn brown and what stops it
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A cut apple turns brown when enzymes in it react with oxygen in the air. Lemon juice, salt water, sugar water and cold slow or stop the change, which shows how cooks keep fruit looking fresh.
You will need
- 1 large apple (or a banana or potato)
- Lemon juice, salt water, sugar water, plain water
- Five small plates or saucers
- A butter knife (adult cuts)
- A marker and sticky labels
- Phone camera or a notebook for timed notes
Safety: An adult must cut the fruit. Do not eat slices that have been left out for the experiment, and wash hands after handling the lemon juice.
Take it further: Test other liquids such as vinegar, orange juice and honey water and rank all of them.
BiologyMedium
Salt and sugar as preservatives: pickling cut vegetables
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High concentrations of salt or sugar draw water out of microbes by osmosis, so they cannot grow and food keeps longer. You compare how well cut carrot or raw mango keeps with salt, sugar, both or nothing over two weeks.
You will need
- 3 carrots or 2 raw mangoes, cut into cubes by an adult
- Common salt, 4 spoons
- Sugar, 4 spoons
- Four clean, dry glass jars with lids
- A kitchen scale or a spoon measure
- Labels, marker and a notebook
Safety: An adult must cut the vegetables. Never taste jars that smell sour or show mould or fuzz, and do not open mouldy jars close to the face. Wash all jars with hot water beforehand.
Take it further: Add oil or a spoon of lemon juice to jars and find out whether acid and oil improve the keeping time.
ChemistryEasy
Which kitchen ingredient keeps oil and water mixed?
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Oil and water do not mix, but some kitchen ingredients called emulsifiers surround the tiny oil drops and keep them spread in the water. You shake the oil and water with different ingredients and time how long they take to separate.
You will need
- 6 small identical clear jars with lids
- Cooking oil
- Water
- Mustard, honey, a drop of dish soap, milk and plain curd
- A teaspoon and a stopwatch
- A marker
- A ruler
Safety: Do not taste the jars, especially the one with dish soap. Wash the jars well afterwards, and keep them away from small children.
Take it further: Make a salad dressing with the best emulsifier and test how long it stays mixed in the fridge.
BiologyMedium
At what milk temperature does curd set best?
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Curd forms when lactic acid bacteria grow in warm milk and turn lactose into lactic acid, which sets the milk proteins. You test milk at different temperatures to find the range in which the bacteria work best.
You will need
- 1 litre of boiled milk, cooled in steps
- 4 spoons of fresh curd as starter
- Six small steel or glass bowls
- A kitchen thermometer
- A stopwatch or clock
- pH paper or turmeric strips, optional
- A warm box or a cloth to cover
Safety: An adult must boil the milk and pour it into bowls. Check the temperature before use and do not taste curd that smells bad or tastes bitter.
Take it further: Compare setting time for different amounts of starter, from half a spoon to four spoons.
Before you start
How to choose a good project
Six things to think about before you decide. A project you understand and finish well beats a big one you rush.
Start with a question
Good projects answer a question you are curious about: why does iron rust, which fabric keeps tea hottest, how does a robot follow a line? A question gives your project a purpose.
Check what is asked
Find out whether your teacher wants a working model, a still model or an investigatory project, the size limits, the topic or theme, the date, and whether ready-made models are allowed.
Match your time and class
Each idea here shows a class band, a difficulty and a rough time. Choose something you can finish properly with time to test it, rather than something huge you have to rush.
Pick science you can explain
Judges and examiners ask how it works. Choose an idea whose science you understand, or can learn from your textbook and the free ebooks, and practise explaining it.
List materials and costs
Write down everything you need before you start. Many models use things from home; motors, LEDs, sensors and boards are easy to buy as spare parts or in a kit.
Make it your own
Change one thing and measure what happens, add a chart of your readings, or show a real-life use. Even a well-known model becomes yours when you add your own observations.
Plan your time
A four-week project timeline
Work backwards from the date of your exhibition or submission. Short of time? Do the same steps faster, but never skip testing.
- 4 weeks before
Choose and get it approved
- Shortlist two or three ideas
- Write your aim or question in one sentence
- Show your teacher and agree the idea
- 3 weeks before
Read and collect materials
- Read the science in your textbook and a free ebook
- Sketch the design with measurements
- Collect or buy the materials and spare parts
- 2 weeks before
Build and test
- Build one part at a time and test each part
- For an investigation, repeat each reading at least three times
- Write every observation in a notebook with the date
- 1 week before
Write the report and chart
- Aim, materials, method, observations, result and conclusion
- A neat table or graph of your readings
- A chart or poster with a labelled diagram
- Last 2 days
Rehearse
- Practise a one-minute explanation out loud
- Prepare answers to the questions below
- Pack spares: cells, wires, tape and glue
On the day
Present it with confidence
You will usually have a minute or two to explain your project, then questions. Practise both out loud at home.
A one-minute explanation
- 1Name and question“My project is a … It answers the question …”
- 2What it showsOne sentence of science, in your own words.
- 3How it worksPoint to each part as you explain it.
- 4What you foundYour readings or result, and what they mean.
- 5Real lifeWhere the same science is used every day.
Questions judges often ask
- What does your project show, in one sentence?
- How does it work? Which law or idea of science is behind it?
- What did you change, and what did you measure?
- What went wrong while you were making it, and how did you fix it?
- Where is this idea used in real life?
- What would you improve if you made it again?
What your project file needs
- Title page with your name, class and school
- Aim or question
- Introduction: the science behind it
- Materials list
- Method, step by step, with a diagram
- Observations in a table
- Result and conclusion
- Precautions and safety
- Sources: books and websites you used
Projects and kits
Ready-made projects, kits and spare parts
Need a working model, a kit to build yourself, or a motor, LED, battery or sensor to finish your own? Every idea card links to the matching section of the store.
School Projects, Class 1 to 9
Ready-made working models for class 1 to 9: science, maths, physics, chemistry and biology.Browse
School Projects, Class 10 to 12
Working models and investigatory projects for class 10, 11 and 12.Browse
Best Out of Waste
Models made from bottles, cardboard and old parts, for waste-management themes.Browse
Robotics and Coding
Robot kits, Arduino projects, line followers, obstacle avoiders and smart projects.Browse
DIY Kits
Kits with every part and step-by-step instructions, to build the model yourself.Browse
Components and Spares
Motors, LEDs, batteries, switches, wires, sensors and breadboards to build or repair.Browse
Engineering Projects
Minor and major projects for diploma and BTech students.Browse
Cannot find what you need? Ask the head office on WhatsApp.
Free ebooks
Free books for making projects
Step-by-step project books for every class, plus guides to exhibitions, project files and viva questions. Free to download, read and print.
Science projects
Writing a Science Project File
How to write the report, from the cover page to the bibliography
Science projects
Viva Questions for Science Projects
How to answer examiner questions, with sample questions for popular projects
Science projects
Easy Science Projects for Class 1 to 5
Simple, safe projects young children can make with a little help
Science projects
Science Projects for Class 6 to 8
Working models matched to middle-school science topics
Science projects
Investigatory Projects for Class 11 and 12
Topics, method and report structure for physics, chemistry and biology
Stay safe
Safety rules for every project
Read these with a parent before you start. Ideas that need extra care carry their own safety note on the card.
Never use mains electricity
Power your models with cells, batteries or a low-voltage adapter. Never connect anything home-made to a wall socket.
Adult help for sharp and hot tools
Cutters, blades, glue guns, soldering irons and drills need an adult beside you. Cut away from your body on a board.
Chemicals with care
Use only safe household materials at home. Acids, stains and other lab chemicals are for the school lab with your teacher. Wear goggles and never taste anything.
Flames only with an adult
Candles and burners only with an adult present and water nearby. Tie back long hair and keep paper away.
Look after batteries
Do not short-circuit a battery, mix old and new cells, or puncture or heat a lithium battery. Remove batteries when the model is stored.
Small parts away from little ones
Magnets, button cells and small parts can be swallowed. Keep them away from younger brothers and sisters, and wash your hands after making.
Questions about science projects
Still have a question?
Chat on WhatsAppWhat is the difference between a working model, a still model and an investigatory project?
A working model moves or works to show a principle, such as a windmill that lights an LED. A still model shows how something is built or arranged, such as the layers of the Earth. An investigatory project asks a question and answers it by experiment: you change one thing, measure the result and draw a conclusion from your readings.
Can I buy a ready-made project?
Check your school’s rules first: some competitions want models made by the student, and some allow ready-made ones. Either way, you must understand how it works and be able to explain it. A good approach is to build from a kit, or to add your own measurements and chart to a ready-made model.
How long does a school project take?
Each idea here shows a rough time for the making. Leave extra time for reading, testing, the report and practice: three to four weeks from choosing to presenting is comfortable for most school projects.
What should go in my project report or file?
A title page, your aim, the science behind it, the materials, the method with a diagram, your observations in a table, the result and conclusion, precautions, and the books and websites you used. The free ebook “Writing a Science Project File” explains each part.
What if my model stops working on the day?
Carry spare cells, wires and tape, and test everything when you arrive. Take a short video or photos of it working at home. If something still fails, explain calmly what should happen and what you would check: judges value understanding as much as a perfect model.
More help
Stuck on a project?
Read the student help pages, try the free calculators for circuits and units, or ask the head office on WhatsApp.