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A free printable book

Health and safety for classes 3 to 5

5 lessons, each with worked examples, a try-at-home activity and a practice sheet. The practice sheets are together after the lessons, and the answer keys are at the very back.

  • Health and safety
  • Classes 3-5
  • 5 lessons
  • 50 practice questions
  • Free to print

Contents

Free learning for kids, Gurukul Technicals Institute. Printed from engineergurukul.com/resources/kids/books/health-3-5/

Contents

What is in this book

  1. 1A balanced dietFind out what nutrients our food gives us, the main food groups, and how to build a balanced plate every day.4 min
  2. 2Road safetyLearn the road rules that keep us safe: footpaths, zebra crossings, traffic lights, helmets, seat belts and the emergency number 112.4 min
  3. 3Sleep and play: finding the balanceSee why children need good sleep and daily play, and how to balance screens, study, play and rest.3 min
  4. 4Safe and unsafe touchA gentle lesson on safe and unsafe touch, our body belongs to us, and how to say no and tell a trusted adult.4 min
  5. 5Sunscreen and drinking waterLearn how to protect skin from strong sun and why we need to drink enough water, especially in hot weather.3 min

Every lesson here can also be read on its own page, with links to related lessons. All printable books.

Lesson 1 of 5

A balanced diet

Find out what nutrients our food gives us, the main food groups, and how to build a balanced plate every day.

Open this lesson on its own page · Practice sheet · Answer key · Contents

Let us begin

The big idea

Food gives us energy to play and learn, helps us grow and keeps us healthy. No single food has everything our body needs. That is why we eat a mix of foods, called a balanced diet.

Our food has nutrients. Carbohydrates give us energy; they are found in rice, roti, millets and potatoes. Proteins help the body grow and repair; they are found in dals, milk, curd, paneer, eggs and fish. Fats give energy too, and we need them in small amounts; they are found in oil, ghee, butter and nuts.

Vitamins and minerals keep us healthy and protect us from illness. Fruits and vegetables are rich in them. Milk gives us calcium for strong bones and teeth. Green leafy vegetables like spinach have iron.

Fibre, also called roughage, helps our food move through the body. It is found in whole grains, vegetables and fruits. Water is also very important. We should drink enough clean water every day.

The food groups are cereals and millets, pulses, vegetables, fruits, milk and milk products, and foods such as eggs, fish and nuts for those who eat them. A balanced diet has food from several groups.

Eating only chips, sweets or fried snacks is not healthy. We can enjoy them sometimes, but most of our food should be fresh and home-cooked. If a child cannot eat some food, an adult can help to plan.

A balanced plateA round plate divided into four parts: cereals and millets, vegetables, fruits, and pulses with milk and curd. A key on the right names each part and says to drink plenty of water. Cereals and millets Vegetables Fruits Pulses, milk and curd Drink plenty of water
Every plate is a little different. Eat a mix of foods.

Worked examples

See how it works

  1. Sort the foods

    Roti and rice: cereals, which give energy. Dal: a pulse, which gives protein. Spinach: a vegetable, which gives vitamins, minerals and fibre. Banana: a fruit. Curd: a milk product.

  2. A balanced lunch

    Roti (cereal), dal (pulse), a vegetable sabzi, a small bowl of curd (milk product), a slice of cucumber or an orange (fruit) and a glass of water. This has 5 groups.

  3. Count the food groups

    Plate A: rice and potato chips. That is only 2 items, both mostly carbohydrate and fat. Plate B: rice, dal, vegetables and curd. That is 4 groups. Plate B is more balanced.

Try it at home

My balanced plate

You will need

  • A sheet of paper
  • Crayons or colour pencils
  • Old magazine or newspaper food pictures (optional)

What to do

  1. Draw a big circle on the paper. This is your plate.
  2. Divide it into four parts with lines.
  3. Draw or stick a different type of food in each part: a cereal, a vegetable, a fruit and a pulse or milk food.
  4. Write the name of each food group next to it.
  5. Show your plate to your family and tell why it is balanced.

Ask a grown-up: An adult can help with cutting pictures using child-safe scissors, and can talk about your family's foods.

Lesson 2 of 5

Road safety

Learn the road rules that keep us safe: footpaths, zebra crossings, traffic lights, helmets, seat belts and the emergency number 112.

Open this lesson on its own page · Practice sheet · Answer key · Contents

Let us begin

The big idea

Roads are full of moving vehicles. Knowing a few simple rules helps us stay safe whether we walk, cycle or ride in a vehicle. Let us learn them.

Walk on the footpath. If there is no footpath, walk on the side of the road facing the traffic, as far from vehicles as you can, and with an adult. Never run into the road, and never play on it.

Cross the road only at a zebra crossing, or where an adult says it is safe. Hold the hand of an adult when you are young. Before you cross, stop at the edge. In India vehicles drive on the left, so the nearest traffic comes from your right. So look right, then left, then right again. Cross only when the road is clear and keep walking, not running.

Traffic lights: red means stop, yellow (amber) means get ready, and green means go. Pedestrians should cross only when the traffic has stopped.

On a two-wheeler, everyone riding should wear a helmet. In a car, everyone should wear a seat belt, and young children are safest in the back seat. Keep your head and hands inside the window.

When you wait for a bus, stand back from the road. Get on only when the bus has stopped. In an emergency, ask an adult to call 112, the emergency number for India.

Traffic lightA traffic light with three lamps, one above the other. The top lamp is red and means stop. The middle lamp is amber and means get ready. The bottom lamp is green and means go. Red: stop Amber: get ready Green: go
Red means stop, amber means get ready and green means go.

Worked examples

See how it works

  1. Crossing at a zebra crossing

    Stand at the edge. Look right, left and right again. When the vehicles have stopped, walk across the stripes with an adult. Do not run.

  2. A ball rolls into the road

    Do not run after the ball. Stop. Tell an adult. The adult will get it when the road is safe.

  3. At a traffic light

    The light for the cars is red. Cars stop, and it is safe to cross at the zebra crossing with an adult. When the light for cars turns green, cars move, so we wait.

Try it at home

My road safety map

You will need

  • A sheet of paper
  • Crayons
  • A few toy cars or small objects (optional)

What to do

  1. Draw a road with two lanes and a footpath on each side.
  2. Draw a zebra crossing with white stripes across the road.
  3. Draw a traffic light with red, yellow and green lamps.
  4. Use two small objects as people and walk them on the footpath and across at the zebra crossing.
  5. Tell your family the rules as you move them.

Ask a grown-up: This is a drawing activity at home. Practise real road crossing only with an adult holding your hand, on a quiet road.

Lesson 3 of 5

Sleep and play: finding the balance

See why children need good sleep and daily play, and how to balance screens, study, play and rest.

Open this lesson on its own page · Practice sheet · Answer key · Contents

Let us begin

The big idea

To grow well, a child needs both sleep and play. Sleep gives the body and mind a rest. Play makes the body strong and the mind happy. Let us see how to balance them.

While we sleep, our body repairs itself and our brain stores what we learned. If we do not sleep enough, we feel tired, cranky and find it hard to pay attention at school. Most children of school age need about 9 to 11 hours of sleep each night.

Play and exercise make our heart and muscles strong. At least an hour of active play each day is a good goal. Running, cycling, skipping and playing games with friends all count.

Screens, like TV and phones, are fine in small amounts. Too much screen time takes away time from sleep, play and study. It is best to stop using screens an hour before bed.

A routine helps. Go to bed and wake up at about the same time every day. Keep the room dark and quiet at night, and do something calm, like reading, before bed.

A day in balanceA circle divided into parts for sleep, school, play, study and meals, to show a balanced day of 24 hours. Sleep School Play Meals Study
A healthy day has time for sleep, school, play, study and meals.

Worked examples

See how it works

  1. Bedtime sum

    Tara must wake at 6 a.m. If she sleeps at 8:30 p.m., she gets 9 and a half hours of sleep, which is about right for her age.

  2. A balanced evening

    After school Dev rests, then plays outside for an hour, finishes homework, eats dinner, reads for a short time and goes to sleep. He has time for all of them.

  3. Too much screen

    If a child watches TV until late, bedtime is delayed and the child wakes up tired. It is better to switch off the screen early.

Try it at home

Sleep and play tracker

You will need

  • A sheet of paper
  • A pencil
  • A ruler

What to do

  1. Draw a table with the days of the week.
  2. Add three rows: bedtime, wake up time and hours of play.
  3. Fill in the table each morning for one week.
  4. Count how many hours you slept each night.
  5. At the end of the week, talk with an adult about what to change.

Ask a grown-up: An adult can help calculate sleep hours and set a regular bedtime.

Lesson 4 of 5

Safe and unsafe touch

A gentle lesson on safe and unsafe touch, our body belongs to us, and how to say no and tell a trusted adult.

Open this lesson on its own page · Practice sheet · Answer key · Contents

Let us begin

The big idea

Your body is yours. You have the right to feel safe all the time. This lesson will help you know which touches are safe and what to do if something feels wrong. You can always talk to a grown-up you trust.

A safe touch makes us feel good, loved and cared for. A hug from a parent, a pat on the back from a teacher or a high five from a friend are safe touches. A doctor may also need to check us, with a parent present.

An unsafe touch makes us feel scared, upset or uncomfortable. It may hurt us, or someone may touch the private parts of our body that are covered by underwear. Nobody should do this, and it is never the child's fault.

If a touch feels wrong, we can say no in a loud, clear voice. We can move away and go to a safe place. Then we must tell a trusted adult, such as a parent, a teacher or a grandparent. If the first adult does not listen, tell another until someone helps.

We should never keep a secret that makes us feel bad or scared. A good surprise, like a birthday gift, is fine, but a secret about touch is never okay. Trusted adults are there to help and to believe us.

What to do if a touch feels wrongThree boxes joined by arrows: Say no, Go to a safe place, Tell a trusted adult. 1. SayNO 2. Go to asafe place 3. Tell atrusted adult It is never your fault.
No, go, tell. You are never to blame.

Worked examples

See how it works

  1. A safe touch

    Grandmother gives Asha a warm hug when she comes home. Asha feels happy and safe. This is a safe touch.

  2. A touch that feels wrong

    Someone touches Ravi in a way that makes him feel scared and tells him to keep it a secret. Ravi says no loudly, goes away and tells his mother. He did the right thing.

  3. Telling a trusted adult

    Meena makes a list of five grown-ups she trusts: her mother, her father, her aunt, her teacher and her neighbour. She knows she can tell any of them.

Try it at home

My trusted adults hand

You will need

  • A sheet of paper
  • A pencil
  • Crayons

What to do

  1. Trace your hand on the paper.
  2. On each of the five fingers, write the name of a grown-up you trust.
  3. Colour the hand and keep it where you can see it.
  4. Practise saying in a loud voice: No! Stop! I will tell.
  5. Talk with an adult about what you can do if something ever feels wrong.

Ask a grown-up: An adult can listen calmly, thank the child for sharing and make sure the child knows they are never in trouble for telling.

Lesson 5 of 5

Sunscreen and drinking water

Learn how to protect skin from strong sun and why we need to drink enough water, especially in hot weather.

Open this lesson on its own page · Practice sheet · Answer key · Contents

Let us begin

The big idea

The sun gives us light and warmth, but too much sun can harm our skin. Hot days can also make our body lose water. Two simple habits keep us safe: protect the skin and drink water.

Strong sunlight can burn the skin, even when it is not very hot. Sunburn makes the skin red and sore. The sun is strongest in the middle of the day, so try to play in the shade then.

We can protect ourselves with a hat, light cotton clothes with long sleeves, and sunglasses. An adult can also help us put sunscreen on the parts that are not covered, like the face, neck and arms.

Our body is mostly water, and we lose water when we sweat. If we do not drink enough, we feel tired, get a headache and have dark yellow urine. We should sip water often during the day, not only when we feel thirsty.

Plain water is the best drink. Fruit juices, lemon water, coconut water and buttermilk are good in hot weather too. Sugary fizzy drinks are not good for us.

Staying safe in the sunA sun, a child with a hat and a water bottle, and labels: wear a hat, apply sunscreen, drink water, play in the shade. Sun is strong Hat Water Sunscreen Play in the shade at noon
Hat, sunscreen, water and shade keep us safe.

Worked examples

See how it works

  1. A hot afternoon

    Ravi wants to play cricket at 1 p.m. His mother says it is too sunny, so he plays at 5 p.m. instead, with a cap and a bottle of water.

  2. Water in school

    Meena carries a water bottle to school. She drinks at break time, after games and with lunch. By evening she has had plenty of water.

  3. Colour check

    Light yellow urine means we are drinking enough. Dark yellow urine means we should drink more water.

Try it at home

My water bottle plan

You will need

  • A clean water bottle
  • A sheet of paper
  • A pencil

What to do

  1. Fill your bottle with clean drinking water in the morning.
  2. Draw 6 small boxes on the paper, one for each glass of water in the day.
  3. Tick a box each time you drink a glass.
  4. Try to tick all six boxes by bedtime.
  5. Wear a cap or a hat when you go out in the sun.

Ask a grown-up: An adult can make sure the water is clean and help apply sunscreen if the family uses it.

Part two

Practice sheets

One sheet for each of the 5 lessons. Write your name and the date at the top, answer in the spaces, then check with the answer keys at the back.

Practice sheet

A balanced diet

Practice sheet: A balanced diet (Classes 3-5, Health and safety)

  1. Which nutrient gives us energy, like the nutrient in rice and roti?
  2. Which nutrient helps our body to grow and repair itself?
  3. What do vitamins and minerals do for us?
  4. What is fibre good for, and name one food that has it?
  5. Name three food groups.
  6. Is it healthy to eat only chips and sweets every day? Why or why not?
  7. Which drink is the best to have many times a day?
  8. Which food group gives us calcium for strong bones?
  9. Name one green leafy vegetable.
  10. Plan a lunch that has foods from at least four groups.

Practice sheet

Road safety

Practice sheet: Road safety (Classes 3-5, Health and safety)

  1. What does a red traffic light mean?
  2. What does a yellow (amber) light mean?
  3. What does a green light mean?
  4. Where should we walk when there is a footpath?
  5. Where should we cross the road?
  6. Which way do we look first before crossing in India, where vehicles drive on the left?
  7. What should everyone riding a two-wheeler wear?
  8. What should everyone in a car wear?
  9. Your ball rolls into the road. What should you do?
  10. What is the emergency number in India?

Practice sheet

Sleep and play: finding the balance

Practice sheet: Sleep and play: finding the balance (Classes 3-5, Health and safety)

  1. About how many hours of sleep do school age children need?
  2. What does the body do while we sleep?
  3. How much active play is a good goal each day?
  4. Name two kinds of active play.
  5. When should we stop using screens before bed?
  6. Tara sleeps at 9 p.m. and wakes at 6 a.m. How many hours does she sleep?
  7. What can happen if we do not sleep enough?
  8. Why is a routine helpful?
  9. Name one calm thing to do before bed.
  10. Plan your own evening: write what you do from school to bedtime.

Practice sheet

Safe and unsafe touch

Practice sheet: Safe and unsafe touch (Classes 3-5, Health and safety)

  1. Whose body is yours?
  2. Give an example of a safe touch.
  3. How does an unsafe touch make us feel?
  4. What can you say if a touch feels wrong?
  5. Where should you go?
  6. Who can you tell?
  7. What if the first adult does not listen?
  8. Is it ever the child's fault if someone touches them in the wrong way?
  9. Should you keep a secret that makes you feel scared?
  10. Name three adults you trust.

Practice sheet

Sunscreen and drinking water

Practice sheet: Sunscreen and drinking water (Classes 3-5, Health and safety)

  1. When is the sun strongest?
  2. Name two things that protect us from the sun.
  3. What does sunburn look like?
  4. Why do we need to drink water?
  5. Name two signs that we need more water.
  6. What is the best drink for a hot day?
  7. Name one drink that is not good for us.
  8. How many glasses of water did the lesson plan suggest for a day?
  9. Who can help you apply sunscreen?
  10. Why should you carry a water bottle to school?

Part three

Answer keys

The answers to every practice sheet, in the same order as the lessons. Parents and teachers may like to keep these pages separately.

Answer key

Answers: A balanced diet

  1. Carbohydrates.
  2. Proteins.
  3. They keep us healthy and protect us from illness.
  4. Fibre helps food move through the body. Whole grains, vegetables and fruits have it.
  5. Sample answer: cereals, pulses, vegetables, fruits, milk and milk products.
  6. No. Our body needs a variety of foods; chips and sweets alone do not give all the nutrients.
  7. Clean water.
  8. Milk and milk products, such as curd and paneer.
  9. Sample answers: spinach (palak), fenugreek (methi), amaranth leaves.
  10. Sample answer: roti (cereal), dal (pulse), sabzi (vegetable), curd (milk product) and an orange (fruit).

Answer key

Answers: Road safety

  1. Stop.
  2. Get ready.
  3. Go.
  4. On the footpath.
  5. At a zebra crossing, with an adult.
  6. Look right first, then left, then right again, because the nearest traffic comes from the right.
  7. A helmet.
  8. A seat belt.
  9. Do not run after it. Stop and tell an adult.
  10. 112.

Answer key

Answers: Sleep and play: finding the balance

  1. About 9 to 11 hours.
  2. It repairs itself and the brain stores what we learned.
  3. About an hour.
  4. Sample answers: running, cycling, skipping.
  5. About an hour before bed.
  6. 9 hours (9 p.m. to 6 a.m.).
  7. We feel tired and cranky and cannot pay attention well.
  8. Our body gets used to regular sleep and waking times.
  9. Sample answers: reading a book or listening to a story.
  10. Sample answer: rest, play, homework, dinner, reading, sleep.

Answer key

Answers: Safe and unsafe touch

  1. Mine. My body belongs to me.
  2. Sample answers: a hug from a parent or a high five from a friend.
  3. Scared, upset or uncomfortable.
  4. No, in a loud, clear voice.
  5. To a safe place, away from that person.
  6. A parent, a teacher, a grandparent or another trusted adult.
  7. Tell another trusted adult until someone helps.
  8. No. It is never the child's fault.
  9. No. Tell a trusted adult.
  10. Sample answers: my mother, my father, my teacher.

Answer key

Answers: Sunscreen and drinking water

  1. In the middle of the day.
  2. Sample answers: a hat, light long-sleeved clothes, sunglasses and sunscreen.
  3. The skin turns red and sore.
  4. Our body loses water when we sweat and needs it to work well.
  5. Sample answers: feeling tired, a headache, dark yellow urine.
  6. Plain clean water.
  7. Sugary fizzy drinks.
  8. 6 glasses.
  9. An adult.
  10. So we can drink often and stay healthy.

The end

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